Brahma Purana — Vasiṣṭha on Sāṃkhya: Vidyā–Avidyā, the Twenty-Fifth Principle, and the Akṣara–Kṣara Distinction, Shloka 30
Devanagari script
सो ऽहम् एवं वशीभूतः कालम् एतं न बुद्धवान् उत्तमाधममध्यानां ताम् अहं कथम् आवसे //
Translation
This is verse 244.30 of the Brahma Purana (Adi Purana); however, the Sanskrit original is not provided, so a faithful translation cannot be determined.
Word by Word
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)
evamthus
evam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
vaśībhūtaḥsubdued, brought under control
vaśībhūtaḥ:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvaśī-bhū (कृदन्त; √bhū धातु)
FormKta-participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular; ‘having become controlled/subdued’
kālamtime/period
kālam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन)
etamthis
etam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma-adjective, Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; qualifying kālam
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; negation particle (निषेध)
buddhavānwise, understanding
buddhavān:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbuddha-vat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPossessive adjective with -vat (वत्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular; ‘one who has understanding/awakened’
uttama-adhama-madhyānāmof the best, worst, and middling
uttama-adhama-madhyānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootuttama + adhama + madhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSamāhāra/itaretara-dvandva (द्वन्द्व), Genitive (षष्ठी) Plural (बहुवचन); ‘of the best, worst, and middling (people)’
tāmthat (state)
tām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; referring to ‘that (state/condition)’
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular
kathamhow?
katham:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; interrogative adverb (प्रश्नक्रियाविशेषण)
āvasedo I dwell/remain
āvase:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√vas (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष) Singular (एकवचन)
Speaker
Introspective speaker within a didactic address to a king.