Brahma Purana — Vasiṣṭha on Sāṃkhya: Vidyā–Avidyā, the Twenty-Fifth Principle, and the Akṣara–Kṣara Distinction, Shloka 19
Devanagari script
क्षरो भवत्य् एष यदा गुणवती गुणेष्व् अथ प्रकृतिं त्व् अथ जानाति निर्गुणत्वं तथात्मनः //
Translation
Śloka 19 concludes with an exhortation: revere Dharma and ever remember the Supreme.
Word by Word
kṣaraḥperishable
kṣaraḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; predicate adjective
bhavatibecomes/is
bhavati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (भू धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
eṣaḥthis (one)
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
yadāwhen
yadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक (temporal)
guṇavatīpossessing qualities
guṇavatī:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootguṇavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; agrees with (implied) prakṛtiḥ
guṇeṣuin the qualities
guṇeṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), बहुवचन
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (then/now)
prakṛtimPrakṛti
prakṛtim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; then
jānātiknows/realizes
jānāti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√jñā (ज्ञा धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
nirguṇatvamquality-less state
nirguṇatvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnirguṇatva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
tathāthus/likewise
tathā:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; manner adverb ‘so/likewise’
ātmanaḥof the self
ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन
Speaker
Unspecified narrator; continuing the promised explanation of kṣara/akṣara usage.