Brahma Purana — Vasiṣṭha on Sāṃkhya: Vidyā–Avidyā, the Twenty-Fifth Principle, and the Akṣara–Kṣara Distinction, Shloka 17
Devanagari script
यदाक्षरं प्रकृतिर् यं गच्छते गुणसंज्ञिता निर्गुणत्वं च वै देहे गुणेषु परिवर्तनात् //
Translation
Śloka 17 admonishes the listener to uphold discipline and truthfulness upon the path of Dharma.
Word by Word
yatwhich/that (state)
yat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; relative pronoun
akṣaramthe imperishable
akṣaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootakṣara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
prakṛtiḥPrakṛti
prakṛtiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
yamwhom/which
yam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; relative pronoun (object)
gacchategoes/attains
gacchate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (गम् धातु)
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
guṇa-saṃjñitādesignated as ‘guṇa’
guṇa-saṃjñitā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃjñita (सम्-√jñā + क्त, कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष: ‘गुण-संज्ञा यस्याः’ = ‘named/characterized as guṇas’; agrees with प्रकृतिः
nirguṇatvamquality-less state
nirguṇatvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnirguṇatva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; abstract noun
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
dehein the body
dehe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdeha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन
guṇeṣuin the qualities
guṇeṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), बहुवचन
parivartanātfrom/owing to transformation
parivartanāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootpari-vartana (परि-√vṛt + ल्युट्, प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5), एकवचन; हेतुवाचक (ablative of cause)
Speaker
Unspecified narrator; bridging guṇa-based Prakṛti to an akṣara principle.