Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 24
Devanagari script
शठप्रलापाद् विरता विरुद्धपरिवर्जकाः सौम्यप्रलापिनो नित्यं ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः //
Translation
This verse (no. 24) provides a solemn conclusion for those who seek knowledge and wisdom.
Word by Word
śaṭha-pralāpātfrom deceitful talk
śaṭha-pralāpāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootśaṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + pralāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Pañcamī vibhakti (5th/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana; ablative: 'from deceitful talk'
viratāḥrefraining
viratāḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvirata (कृदन्त; क्त)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; kta-participle of vi-√ram (रम्) 'to desist' meaning 'refrained'
viruddha-parivarjakāḥavoiders of improper/hostile speech
viruddha-parivarjakāḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviruddha (प्रातिपदिक) + parivarjaka (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from pari-√vṛj/√varj)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: 'viruddhaṃ parivarjayanti' (avoiding what is improper/hostile); predicate adjective
saumya-pralāpinaḥspeakers of gentle words
saumya-pralāpinaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaumya (प्रातिपदिक) + pralāpin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: 'saumyaṃ pralāpam yeṣām/ye kurvanti' (speaking gentle words); predicate adjective
nityamalways
nityam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक used adverbially)
FormAvyaya (kriyā-viśeṣaṇa); adverbial accusative: 'always'
tethose
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
narāḥmen, people
narāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
svarga-gāminaḥheaven-going
svarga-gāminaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक) + gāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; predicate adjective
Speaker
Śiva to Umā/Devī