Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 22
Devanagari script
पिशुनं न प्रभाषन्ते मित्रभेदकरं तथा परपीडाकरं चैव ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः //
Translation
This verse (no. 22) should be recited with sincerity, so that its profound meaning may be understood.
Word by Word
piśunamslander (slanderous talk)
piśunam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpiśuna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; object (slanderous speech/one)
nanot
na:
Kriyā-niṣedha (क्रिया-निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-particle
prabhāṣantethey utter, speak forth
prabhāṣante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√bhāṣ (भाष्)
FormLaṭ (present), Prathama puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana, Ātmanepada
mitra-bheda-karamcausing friends to split
mitra-bheda-karam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmitra (प्रातिपदिक) + bheda (प्रातिपदिक) + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'mitrāṇāṃ bhedaṃ karoti' (causing friends’ division); viśeṣaṇa of piśunam
tathāalso
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; 'also/likewise'
para-pīḍā-karamcausing harm to others
para-pīḍā-karam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक) + pīḍā (प्रातिपदिक) + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'parān pīḍayati' / 'parāṇāṃ pīḍāṃ karoti' (causing others’ pain); viśeṣaṇa of piśunam
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात) conjunction
evaindeed, just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण-निपात) emphatic particle
tethose
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
narāḥmen, people
narāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
svarga-gāminaḥheaven-going
svarga-gāminaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक) + gāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; predicate adjective
Speaker
Śiva to Umā/Devī