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Shloka 39

Vidura’s Questions on Devotion and Sarga; Maitreya Begins the Account of Creation

देवा ऊचु: नमाम ते देव पदारविन्दं प्रपन्नतापोपशमातपत्रम् । यन्मूलकेता यतयोऽञ्जसोरु- संसारदु:खं बहिरुत्क्षिपन्ति ॥ ३९ ॥

devā ūcuḥ namāma te deva padāravindaṁ prapanna-tāpopaśamātapatram yan-mūla-ketā yatayo ’ñjasoru- saṁsāra-duḥkhaṁ bahir utkṣipanti

The demigods said: O Lord, we bow to Your lotus feet, an umbrella for surrendered souls that soothes the burning miseries of material life. Under that shelter the sages easily cast away the great sorrow of saṁsāra; therefore we offer our reverent obeisances to Your feet.

देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; ‘said’
नमाम(we) bow
नमाम:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootनम् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; ‘I bow’ (Vedic/archaic 1sg form used in plural sense with following)
तेto you
ते:
सम्प्रदान (Recipient/Dative)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया/चतुर्थी (2nd/4th), एकवचन; enclitic ‘to you/you’ (here dative sense)
देवO Lord
देव:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
पदfoot
पद:
समासाङ्ग
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; compound member
अरविन्दम्the lotus (of your feet)
अरविन्दम्:
कर्म (Object of bowing)
TypeNoun
Rootअरविन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; Accusative singular; समास: पद-अरविन्द = ‘lotus of the feet’ (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
प्रपन्नsurrendered
प्रपन्न:
समासाङ्ग
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र+पद् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), ‘surrendered’ as first member in compound
तापsuffering
ताप:
समासाङ्ग
TypeNoun
Rootताप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; compound member
उपशमcessation
उपशम:
समासाङ्ग
TypeNoun
Rootउपशम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; compound member
आतपत्रम्the parasol that cools the surrendered’s suffering
आतपत्रम्:
कर्म (in apposition to पद-अरविन्दम्)
TypeNoun
Rootआतपत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; Accusative singular; समास: प्रपन्न-ताप-उपशम-आतपत्र = ‘umbrella that gives cessation of the heat (suffering) of the surrendered’ (षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष-श्रृङ्खला)
यत्which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध (relative)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; relative ‘which’
मूलroot
मूल:
समासाङ्ग
TypeNoun
Rootमूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; compound member
केताःthose who take it as their root/aim
केताः:
कर्ता (Subject of utkṣipanti)
TypeNoun
Rootकेत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; Nominative plural; बहुव्रीहि: यन्-मूल-केताः = ‘those whose banner/sign is that (your feet) as the root’ i.e., ‘taking that as their root/goal’
यतयःascetics
यतयः:
कर्ता (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootयति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
अञ्जसाeasily/straightway
अञ्जसा:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअञ्जसा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण ‘straightway/easily’
उरुgreat
उरु:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; used as adjective to दुःखम्
संसारworldly existence
संसार:
समासाङ्ग
TypeNoun
Rootसंसार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; compound member
दुःखम्misery of worldly life
दुःखम्:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; Accusative singular; समास: संसार-दुःखम् = ‘misery of saṁsāra’ (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
बहिःout
बहिः:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहिः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण ‘outwards/out’
उत्क्षिपन्तिcast away
उत्क्षिपन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootउत्+क्षिप् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; ‘they throw off’

There are many sages and saints who engage in trying to conquer rebirth and all other material miseries. But of all of them, those who take shelter under the lotus feet of the Lord can completely throw off all such miseries without difficulty. Others, who are engaged in transcendental activities in different ways, cannot do so. For them it is very difficult. They may artificially think of becoming liberated without accepting the shelter of the lotus feet of the Lord, but that is not possible. One is sure to fall again to material existence from such false liberation, even though one may have undergone severe penances and austerities. This is the opinion of the demigods, who are not only well versed in Vedic knowledge but are also seers of the past, present and future. The opinions of the demigods are valuable because the demigods are authorized to hold positions in the affairs of universal management. They are appointed by the Lord as His confidential servants.

D
Devas
T
The Lord (Vishnu)

FAQs

This verse says the Lord’s lotus feet act like a cooling shade that pacifies the burning distress of those who surrender, enabling them to cast off the misery of samsara.

They glorify the lotus feet as the ultimate refuge: sages who take shelter there quickly transcend worldly sorrow, showing the Lord as the dependable protector of all beings.

Practice sincere surrender through bhakti—regular prayer, remembrance, and humility—using devotion as a shelter that reduces anxiety and attachment-driven suffering.