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Shloka 13

Sāṅkhya: Categories of the Absolute Truth and the Unfolding of Creation

Tattva-vicāra

इन्द्रियाणि दश श्रोत्रं त्वग्दृग्रसननासिका: । वाक्‍करौ चरणौ मेढ्रं पायुर्दशम उच्यते ॥ १३ ॥

indriyāṇi daśa śrotraṁ tvag dṛg rasana-nāsikāḥ vāk karau caraṇau meḍhraṁ pāyur daśama ucyate

The senses and organs are ten: hearing, touch, sight, taste, and smell; and the organs of action—speech, hands, feet, the generative organ, and the evacuating organ—thus making ten.

indriyāṇithe senses
indriyāṇi:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootindriya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
daśaten
daśa:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśa (प्रातिपदिक/संख्याशब्द)
Formअव्ययवत् संख्याशब्द; नपुंसक-बहुवचन-प्रथमा अर्थे (agreeing with indriyāṇi)
śrotramear (hearing)
śrotram:
Karta (कर्ता/Item in list)
TypeNoun
Rootśrotra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
tvakskin (touch)
tvak:
Karta (कर्ता/Item in list)
TypeNoun
Roottvac (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
dṛkeye (sight)
dṛk:
Karta (कर्ता/Item in list)
TypeNoun
Rootdṛś (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
rasanā-nāsikāḥtongue and nose
rasanā-nāsikāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Items in list)
TypeNoun
Rootrasanā (प्रातिपदिक) + nāsikā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (रसना च नासिका च)
vākspeech
vāk:
Karta (कर्ता/Item in list)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
karautwo hands
karau:
Karta (कर्ता/Item in list)
TypeNoun
Rootkara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन
caraṇautwo feet
caraṇau:
Karta (कर्ता/Item in list)
TypeNoun
Rootcaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन
meḍhramgenital organ
meḍhram:
Karta (कर्ता/Item in list)
TypeNoun
Rootmeḍhra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
pāyuḥanus
pāyuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Item in list)
TypeNoun
Rootpāyu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
daśamaḥthe tenth
daśamaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśama (प्रातिपदिक/क्रमवाचक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (agreeing with pāyuḥ)
ucyateis said/called
ucyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
K
Kapila
D
Devahuti

FAQs

This verse lists the ten: ear, skin, eyes, tongue, nose, speech, hands, feet, genitals, and anus.

Kapila is teaching Sāṅkhya—an analysis of the body and its instruments—so Devahuti can understand how the soul becomes entangled and how liberation comes through discernment and disciplined spiritual practice.

Use the senses in Krishna’s service—hear and chant sacred names, speak truthfully, and regulate bodily urges—so the same senses become purified rather than sources of distraction.