Shloka 22

तत्तस्य कैङ्कर्यमलं भृतान्नो विग्लापयत्यङ्ग यदुग्रसेनम् । तिष्ठन्निषण्णं परमेष्ठिधिष्ण्ये न्यबोधयद्देव निधारयेति ॥ २२ ॥

tat tasya kaiṅkaryam alaṁ bhṛtān no viglāpayaty aṅga yad ugrasenam tiṣṭhan niṣaṇṇaṁ parameṣṭhi-dhiṣṇye nyabodhayad deva nidhārayeti

Therefore, O Vidura, does it not grieve us—His servants—when we remember how Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa would stand before King Ugrasena seated upon the royal throne and, with humility, submit His explanations, saying, “O my lord, please know this”?

तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
कैङ्कर्यम्service
कैङ्कर्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkaiṅkarya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
अलम्enough
अलम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootalam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), particle meaning ‘enough/stop’ (निपात)
भृतात्from being borne/done
भृतात्:
Apadana (अपादान/Ablative)
TypeVerb
Rootbhṛ (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त/क्त), Ablative (पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine/Neuter; used with अलम्: ‘enough of doing/being done’
नःfor us/of us
नः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/for us)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive/Dative (षष्ठी/चतुर्थी), Plural (बहुवचन); enclitic pronoun
विग्लापयतिwearies/afflicts
विग्लापयति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + glā (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); causative sense ‘to weary’
अङ्गO dear
अङ्ग:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaṅga (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), vocative particle (सम्बोधन-निपात)
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun
उग्रसेनम्Ugrasena
उग्रसेनम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootugrasena (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
तिष्ठन्standing
तिष्ठन्:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ), Parasmaipada, Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
निषण्णम्seated
निषण्णम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootni + sad (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter/Masculine Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); here qualifying Ugrasena as ‘seated’
परमेष्ठि-धिष्ण्येin the supreme seat (of Brahmā)
परमेष्ठि-धिष्ण्ये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootparameṣṭhin (प्रातिपदिक) + dhiṣṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: परमेष्ठिनः धिष्ण्ये (in the seat/abode of Brahmā)
न्यबोधयत्instructed/awakened
न्यबोधयत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootni + budh (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); causative sense ‘awakened/instructed’
देवO Lord
देव:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
निधारयconsider/hold in mind
निधारय:
Kriya (क्रिया/Command)
TypeVerb
Rootni + dhṛ (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), Parasmaipada, 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), quotative particle (इति-निपात)

Lord Kṛṣṇa’s gentle behavior before His so-called superiors such as His father, grandfather and elder brother, His amiable behavior with His so-called wives, friends and contemporaries, His behavior as a child before His mother Yaśodā, and His naughty dealings with His young girlfriends cannot bewilder a pure devotee like Uddhava. Others, who are not devotees, are bewildered by such behavior of the Lord, who acted just like a human being. This bewilderment is explained by the Lord Himself in the Bhagavad-gītā (9.11) as follows:

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
U
Ugrasena

FAQs

This verse highlights the Lord’s līlā of humility: although supreme, Kṛṣṇa honors dharma and social order by treating Ugrasena as the rightful king and personally attending him.

‘Kaiṅkarya’ means pure, devoted service rendered with affection and reverence; here it refers to Kṛṣṇa’s spotless, exemplary service to His elder and king.

It teaches leadership through humility—honoring elders, respecting rightful authority, and serving others without ego even when one is powerful or accomplished.