Shloka 10

एष देव दितेर्गर्भ ओज: काश्यपमर्पितम् । दिशस्तिमिरयन् सर्वा वर्धतेऽग्निरिवैधसि ॥ १० ॥

eṣa deva diter garbha ojaḥ kāśyapam arpitam diśas timirayan sarvā vardhate ’gnir ivaidhasi

O gods, this embryo in Diti’s womb, formed from the potent seed of Kaśyapa, is growing like fire fed by fuel, casting darkness over all directions.

eṣaḥthis
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक सर्वनाम
devaO god; O lord
deva:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
diteḥof Diti
diteḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootditi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
garbhaḥembryo; fetus
garbhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/apposition to eṣaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootgarbha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ojaḥvigor; power
ojaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/appositional)
TypeNoun
Rootojas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kāśyapam(that which is) of Kaśyapa
kāśyapam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāśyapa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ojaḥ/arpitam) ‘belonging to Kaśyapa’
arpitamentrusted; offered
arpitam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/predicate complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootarpita (कृदन्त, √arp अर्प् ‘to offer/entrust’)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; predicate adjective to ojaḥ
diśaḥthe directions; quarters
diśaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootdiś (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
timirayandarkening
timirayan:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/participial modifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottimirayan (कृदन्त, √timiraya? denominative from timira ‘darkness’)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle), परस्मैपद-प्रयोग; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण (modifying vardhate)
sarvāḥall
sarvāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying diśaḥ)
vardhategrows; increases
vardhate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√vṛdh (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
agniḥfire
agniḥ:
Upameya (उपमेय/thing compared)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमेय/दृष्टान्त (as in simile)
ivalike
iva:
Upamā (उपमा/comparison marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)
edhasiin fuel; in kindling
edhasi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/location)
TypeNoun
Rootedhas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन

The darkness throughout the universe is explained herewith as being caused by the embryo created in the womb of Diti by the semen of Kaśyapa.

D
Diti
K
Kaśyapa
L
Lord Viṣṇu

FAQs

This verse describes Diti’s embryo as a fierce, expanding potency that darkens the directions—an omen of disruptive, demonic influence increasing in the universe.

Seeing the ominous rise of destructive power connected with Diti’s pregnancy, the devas appeal to Viṣṇu—the maintainer of cosmic order—for protection and restoration of dharma.

Unchecked negative tendencies grow when continually “fed”; the verse cautions seekers to stop supplying fuel to harmful habits and instead take shelter of sattvic discipline and devotion.