Shloka 2

Viśvarūpa’s Death, Vṛtrāsura’s Manifestation, and the Devas’ Surrender to Nārāyaṇa

Devanagari script

स वै बर्हिषि देवेभ्यो भागं प्रत्यक्षमुच्चकै: । अददद्यस्य पितरो देवा: सप्रश्रयं नृप ॥ २ ॥

Transliteration

sa vai barhiṣi devebhyo bhāgaṁ pratyakṣam uccakaiḥ adadad yasya pitaro devāḥ sapraśrayaṁ nṛpa

Translation

O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, upon the sacrificial altar Viśvarūpa openly offered each deva his proper share, pouring clarified butter into the fire while loudly chanting mantras such as “indrāya idaṁ svāhā” and “idam agnaye.” Being related to the devas through his father, he respectfully satisfied each of them with their due portion.

Synonyms

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vai: indeed
• vai: Emphasis (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle (निपात)

• barhiṣi: on the sacrificial grass/altar
• barhiṣi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: barhis (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Locative, Singular

• devebhyaḥ: to the gods
• devebhyaḥ: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Plural

• bhāgam: a share/portion
• bhāgam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• pratyakṣam: openly
• pratyakṣam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pratyakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Used adverbially as avyaya (क्रियाविशेषण-रूपेण); ‘openly, directly’

• uccakaiḥ: aloud
• uccakaiḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: uccaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental plural form used adverbially (क्रियाविशेषण); ‘aloud, loudly’

• adadat: gave
• adadat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (दा/दाने धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (imperfect), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Singular

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• pitaraḥ: fathers/forefathers
• pitaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• devāḥ: gods
• devāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• sa-praśrayam: respectfully
• sa-praśrayam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sa + praśraya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Accusative singular used adverbially (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning ‘with respect/humility’; literally ‘with praśraya’

• nṛpa: O king
• nṛpa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Characters & Entities

• Demigods (Deva)
• Forefathers (Pitṛs)
• King (Nṛpa/Parīkṣit as addressee)

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about offering oblations to the demigods in yajna?

This verse describes proper sacrificial conduct: the performer offers the allotted shares to the demigods on the altar openly and respectfully, acknowledging cosmic order and dharma.

Why does Śukadeva Gosvāmī address the listener as 'nṛpa' (O King) in this verse?

Śukadeva is narrating to King Parīkṣit; the vocative 'nṛpa' signals the royal addressee and frames the teaching as guidance for a ruler devoted to dharma.

How can the principle of this shloka be applied in modern life without performing Vedic yajnas?

By practicing gratitude and reverence—offering one’s work and resources responsibly, honoring elders and ancestors, and acting with humility toward the divine order rather than entitlement.