Shloka 28
Naraka-varṇana: The Hellish Planets and the Karmic Logic of Punishment
Devanagari script
यस्त्विह वा अनृतं वदति साक्ष्ये द्रव्यविनिमये दाने वा कथञ्चित्स वै प्रेत्य नरकेऽवीचिमत्यध:शिरा निरवकाशे योजनशतोच्छ्रायाद् गिरिमूर्ध्न: सम्पात्यते यत्र जलमिव स्थलमश्मपृष्ठमवभासते तदवीचिमत्तिलशो विशीर्यमाणशरीरो न म्रियमाण: पुनरारोपितो निपतति ॥ २८ ॥
Transliteration
yas tv iha vā anṛtaṁ vadati sākṣye dravya-vinimaye dāne vā kathañcit sa vai pretya narake ’vīcimaty adhaḥ-śirā niravakāśe yojana-śatocchrāyād giri-mūrdhnaḥ sampātyate yatra jalam iva sthalam aśma-pṛṣṭham avabhāsate tad avīcimat tilaśo viśīryamāṇa-śarīro na mriyamāṇaḥ punar āropito nipatati.
Translation
A person who bears false witness or lies while transacting business or giving charity is thrown headfirst into the hell known as Avīcimat from a mountain eight hundred miles high. Although his body is broken to tiny pieces on the stone floor, he does not die but continuously suffers.
Synonyms
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात
ihahere
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक
vāor/indeed
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक
anṛtamfalsehood
anṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootanṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
vadatispeaks
vadati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vad (धाातु)
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
sākṣyein testimony
sākṣye:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsākṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
dravya-vinimayein business exchange
dravya-vinimaye:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdravya + vinimaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (exchange of goods)
dānein giving/charity
dāne:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक
kathañcitsomehow
kathañcit:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkathañcit (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकार/अनिश्चिततावाचक (somehow/under some pretext)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चयार्थक
pretyaafter death
pretya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√i (धाातु) + pra-
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive): ‘having died/after departing’
narakein hell
narake:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
avīcimatiin (the hell) Avīcimat
avīcimati:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootavīcimat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; नरकविशेषण
adhaḥ-śirāḥwith head downward
adhaḥ-śirāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhaḥ + śiras (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि ‘अधः शिरो यस्य’ (head downward)
niravakāśein a place without space
niravakāśe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootniravakāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; विशेषण (space-less)
yojana-śata-ucchrāyātfrom a height of a hundred yojanas
yojana-śata-ucchrāyāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootyojana + śata + ucchrāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; समास: yojana-śata (द्विगु) + ucchrāya (height)
giri-mūrdhnaḥfrom the mountain peak
giri-mūrdhnaḥ:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootgiri + mūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (mountain-top)
sampātyatefalls down
sampātyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pat (धाातु) + sam-
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; सम्-उपसर्ग; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः (falls down)
yatrawhere
yatra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; सम्बन्धबोधक देशवाचक (relative adverb ‘where’)
jalamwater
jalam:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootjala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमानवाचक (comparative particle ‘like’)
sthalamground
sthalam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsthala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
aśma-pṛṣṭhama stone surface
aśma-pṛṣṭham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootaśman + pṛṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (stone-surface)
avabhāsateappears/shines forth
avabhāsate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√bhās (धाातु)
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
tatthat
tat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; निर्देश
avīcimatAvīcimat (hell)
avīcimat:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootavīcimat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नरकनाम
tilaśaḥinto tiny pieces
tilaśaḥ:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottilaśas (अव्ययवत्)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (piece by piece, like sesame-grains)
viśīryamāṇa-śarīraḥwhose body is being shattered
viśīryamāṇa-śarīraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√śṝ (धाातु) (present passive participle) + śarīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि ‘विशीryamāṇaṃ śarīraṃ yasya’ (whose body is being shattered)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation)
mriyamāṇaḥdying
mriyamāṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√mṛ (धाातु)
Formशतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
punaragain
punar:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunar (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; पुनरावृत्तिवाचक (again)
āropitaḥmade to rise/placed back
āropitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√ruh (धाातु) (causative/passive)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘आरोपित’ (made to mount/placed back)
nipatatifalls down
nipatati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√pat (धाातु)
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ni-उपसर्ग