Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

Bhagīratha Brings Gaṅgā; Saudāsa’s Curse; Khaṭvāṅga’s Instant Renunciation

तत: सुदासस्तत्पुत्रो दमयन्तीपतिर्नृप: । आहुर्मित्रसहं यं वै कल्माषाङ्‌घ्रिमुत क्‍वचित् । वसिष्ठशापाद् रक्षोऽभूदनपत्य: स्वकर्मणा ॥ १८ ॥

tataḥ sudāsas tat-putro damayantī-patir nṛpaḥ āhur mitrasahaṁ yaṁ vai kalmāṣāṅghrim uta kvacit vasiṣṭha-śāpād rakṣo ’bhūd anapatyaḥ sva-karmaṇā

Thereafter Sarvakāma had a son named Sudāsa, whose son Saudāsa was the husband of Damayantī. Saudāsa is also known as Mitrasaha or Kalmāṣāṅghri. By his own misdeed he became without offspring, and by Vasiṣṭha’s curse he turned into a man-eating rākṣasa.

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formक्रमवाचक-अव्यय (then/thereafter)
sudāsaḥSudāsa
sudāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsudāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; proper name
tat-putraḥhis son
tat-putraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject/apposition)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (तस्य पुत्रः)
damayantī-patiḥhusband of Damayantī
damayantī-patiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootdamayantī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (दमयन्त्याः पतिः)
nṛpaḥking
nṛpaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
āhuḥthey call/said
āhuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ah (अह्/ब्रूवाच्ये)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
mitrasahamMitrāsaha
mitrasaham:
Karma (कर्म/object of ‘āhuḥ’)
TypeNoun
Rootmitra (प्रातिपदिक) + saha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (मित्रं सहते/मित्रसहः) as epithet/name
yamwhom
yam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; relative pronoun referring to Sudāsa
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
kalmāṣāṅghrimKalmāṣāṅghri
kalmāṣāṅghrim:
Karma (कर्म/object of ‘āhuḥ’)
TypeNoun
Rootkalmāṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅghri (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (कल्माषौ अङ्घ्री यस्य) epithet/name
utaalso
uta:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuta (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (also/or)
kvacitsometimes
kvacit:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
Formअनिश्चित-देश/कालवाचक-अव्यय (somewhere/sometimes)
vasiṣṭha-śāpātfrom Vasiṣṭha’s curse
vasiṣṭha-śāpāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/cause-source)
TypeNoun
Rootvasiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + śāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (वसिष्ठस्य शापः)
rakṣaḥa demon
rakṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootrakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
abhūtbecame
abhūt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (भू/सत्तायाम्)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
anapatyaḥchildless
anapatyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootan- (नञ्) + apatya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-समास/उपपद-निर्मित विशेषण; qualifying the subject
sva-karmaṇāby his own deed
sva-karmaṇā:
Karana/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (स्वं कर्म)
S
Sudāsa
D
Damayantī
M
Mitrasaha
K
Kalmāṣāṅghri
V
Vasiṣṭha

FAQs

In this verse, Mitrasaha—also called Kalmāṣāṅghri—is identified as the son of King Sudāsa and the husband of Damayantī, who later became a rākṣasa due to Vasiṣṭha’s curse.

The verse states that by Vasiṣṭha’s curse he became a rākṣasa; it also emphasizes that the king’s own actions (sva-karmaṇā) were instrumental in bringing about his childlessness and suffering.

Even when external factors like conflict or condemnation arise, the Bhagavatam highlights personal responsibility (karma) and the need for disciplined conduct, humility, and dharmic choices to avoid long-term consequences.