Shloka 7

Paraśurāma, Kārtavīryārjuna, and the Kāmadhenu Offense

with Lunar-line Genealogy to Gādhi and Jamadagni

Devanagari script

इत्युक्तस्तन्मतं ज्ञात्वा गत: स वरुणान्तिकम् । आनीय दत्त्वा तानश्वानुपयेमे वराननाम् ॥ ७ ॥

Transliteration

ity uktas tan-mataṁ jñātvā gataḥ sa varuṇāntikam ānīya dattvā tān aśvān upayeme varānanām

Translation

When King Gādhi made this demand, the great sage Ṛcīka understood the king’s intent. He went to the deva Varuṇa and brought back the thousand horses that were required. Having delivered them, he married the king’s beautiful daughter.

Synonyms

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)

• uktaḥ: having been told
• uktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject, of subsequent action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (वच् धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kridanta past passive participle (क्त-प्रत्यय), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; passive sense ‘having been told/addressed’

• tat-matam: that opinion/decision
• tat-matam: Karma (कर्म/object, of jñātvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tat (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + mata (मत प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘tasya matam’

• jñātvā: having known
• jñātvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/preceding action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jñā (ज्ञा धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), indeclinable verbal form; prior action to main verb

• gataḥ: went
• gataḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (गम् धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kridanta past participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; used as finite-like ‘went’

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun

• varuṇa-antikam: to Varuṇa’s vicinity
• varuṇa-antikam: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/goal-location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varuṇa (वरुण प्रातिपदिक) + antika (अन्तिक प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘varuṇasya antikam’ = near Varuṇa

• ānīya: having brought
• ānīya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/preceding action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√nī (नी धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Gerund (ल्यप्/त्वान्त), indeclinable; ‘having brought’

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/preceding action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (दा धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), indeclinable; ‘having given’

• tān: those
• tān: Karma (कर्म/object, of ānīya/dattvā)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; demonstrative used adjectivally

• aśvān: horses
• aśvān: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśva (अश्व प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• upayeme: he married
• upayeme: Kriyā (क्रिया/main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-√yam (यम् धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथम-पुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada; ‘took in marriage’

• vara-ānanām: the fair-faced (woman)
• vara-ānanām: Karma (कर्म/object, of upayeme)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vara (वर प्रातिपदिक) + ānana (आनन प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; कर्मधारयः ‘varam ānanam yasyāḥ sā’ (as a fixed epithet)

Characters & Entities

• Varuṇa

FAQs

What does Srimad Bhagavatam say about fulfilling one’s duty before marriage?

This verse shows that the marriage is concluded only after the required duty is completed—he first goes to Varuṇa, obtains and delivers the horses, and then marries the maiden.

Why did he go to Varuṇa in Bhagavatam Canto 9 Chapter 15?

Because the needed horses were to be obtained from Varuṇa’s domain; understanding the plan, he approached Varuṇa, brought the horses, and delivered them as required.

What is a practical lesson from this shloka for modern life?

Act responsibly: understand what is required, complete obligations with integrity, and only then proceed to personal commitments.