Shloka 17

मित्रावरुणयो: शापादापन्ना नरलोकताम् । निशम्य पुरुषश्रेष्ठं कन्दर्पमिव रूपिणम् । धृतिं विष्टभ्य ललना उपतस्थे तदन्तिके ॥ १७ ॥ स तां विलोक्य नृपतिर्हर्षेणोत्फुल्ललोचन: । उवाच श्लक्ष्णया वाचा देवीं हृष्टतनूरुह: ॥ १८ ॥

mitrā-varuṇayoḥ śāpād āpannā nara-lokatām niśamya puruṣa-śreṣṭhaṁ kandarpam iva rūpiṇam

Cursed by Mitra and Varuṇa, Urvaśī had taken on the ways of the human world. Seeing Purūravā—the best of men, beautiful like Kāma—she steadied herself and came near. King Purūravā, beholding her, had eyes blossoming with joy and hairs standing on end, and he addressed the goddess in gentle, pleasing words.

mitrā-varuṇayoḥof Mitra and Varuṇa
mitrā-varuṇayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootmitra (प्रातिपदिक) + varuṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Gen.), द्विवचन (dual)
śāpātfrom the curse
śāpāt:
Apadana (अपादान/source/cause)
TypeNoun
Rootśāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), एकवचन
āpannāhaving come to
āpannā:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√pad (धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formकृदन्त (past active/participial sense), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अर्थ: 'having attained/come to' (agreeing with lalanā/urvaśī)
nara-lokatāmthe human state
nara-lokatām:
Karma (कर्म; object of āpannā)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक) + loka (प्रातिपदिक) + -tā (ताप्रत्यय)
Formतत्पुरुष: 'human-world-ness' i.e., human state; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन
niśamyahaving heard
niśamya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√śam (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
Formअव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), 'having heard/learning'
puruṣa-śreṣṭhamthe best of men
puruṣa-śreṣṭham:
Karma (कर्म; object of niśamya)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: 'best of men'; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन
kandarpamKandarpa (Cupid)
kandarpam:
Upamana (उपमान; in comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootkandarpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; comparison marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, उपमा-निपात (comparative particle)
rūpiṇamhandsome/possessing form
rūpiṇam:
Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootrūpin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc.), एकवचन; विशेषण to puruṣa-śreṣṭham
M
Mitra
V
Varuṇa
K
Kandarpa (Kāmadeva)
P
Purūravā (best of men)
U
Urvaśī (the young woman)

FAQs

This verse notes that due to Mitra and Varuṇa’s curse, Urvaśī came down to the human realm, showing how even celestial beings can be bound by higher divine law and consequence.

Hearing of Purūravā’s exceptional qualities and captivating beauty, Urvaśī gathered her composure and went to him, setting in motion their well-known episode in the narrative.

Attraction can be powerful, but the verse highlights the need to steady one’s mind (dhṛti) before acting—encouraging self-control and thoughtful choices rather than impulse.