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Shloka 4

Nimi’s Disembodied Liberation and the Rise of the Mithilā (Videha) Dynasty

शिष्यव्यतिक्रमं वीक्ष्य तं निर्वर्त्यागतो गुरु: । अशपत् पतताद् देहो निमे: पण्डितमानिन: ॥ ४ ॥

śiṣya-vyatikramaṁ vīkṣya taṁ nirvartyāgato guruḥ aśapat patatād deho nimeḥ paṇḍita-māninaḥ

Seeing his disciple’s transgression, the guru Vasiṣṭha returned after completing the sacrifice and cursed: “May the body of Nimi, who fancies himself learned, fall at once.”

śiṣya-vyatikramamthe disciple’s transgression
śiṣya-vyatikramam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśiṣya (प्रातिपदिक) + vyatikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (śiṣyasya vyatikramaḥ)
vīkṣyahaving seen
vīkṣya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√īkṣ (धातु) उपसर्ग: vi-; त्वा-प्रत्यय (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having seen’
tamhim (Nimi)
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
nirvartyahaving completed (the rite)
nirvartya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vṛt (धातु) उपसर्ग: nir-; णिच्/प्रेरणार्थ? (contextual) + क्त्वा (gerund)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त; ‘having completed/finished (it)’
āgataḥcame/returned
āgataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु) उपसर्ग: ā-; क्त (past passive participle)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे ‘having come’
guruḥthe teacher
guruḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
aśapatcursed
aśapat:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śap (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
patatātlet (it) fall
patatāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pat (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative/benedictive sense), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आशिषि/विधिलिङ्-सदृश अर्थः ‘let it fall’
dehaḥthe body
dehaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
nimeḥof Nimi
nimeḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootnimi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
paṇḍita-māninaḥof (him) who thinks himself learned
paṇḍita-māninaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootpaṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक) + mānin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयार्थः ‘paṇḍita iti mānī’
N
Nimi
G
Gurū (Vasiṣṭha)

FAQs

This verse condemns paṇḍita-māna (pride of scholarship): Nimi’s self-conceit and overstepping of discipline leads to a severe consequence, showing that learning without humility becomes a cause of downfall.

Because the guru saw a breach of proper disciple conduct (śiṣya-vyatikrama). After completing the ritual, he cursed Nimi, indicating that spiritual etiquette and respect for the guru are integral to dharma.

Even with education or expertise, one should remain humble, honor teachers and mentors, and avoid ego-driven decisions—otherwise knowledge can become the very cause of conflict and loss.