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Shloka 40

Śrī Rāmacandra-avatāra — Vow, Exile, Laṅkā-vijaya, and Rāma-rājya

Concise Bhāgavata Account

पादुके न्यस्य पुरत: प्राञ्जलिर्बाष्पलोचन: । तमाश्लिष्य चिरं दोर्भ्यां स्‍नापयन् नेत्रजैर्जलै: ॥ ३९ ॥ रामो लक्ष्मणसीताभ्यां विप्रेभ्यो येऽर्हसत्तमा: । तेभ्य: स्वयं नमश्चक्रे प्रजाभिश्च नमस्कृत: ॥ ४० ॥

pāduke nyasya purataḥ prāñjalir bāṣpa-locanaḥ tam āśliṣya ciraṁ dorbhyāṁ snāpayan netrajair jalaiḥ

Bharata placed Lord Rāmacandra’s wooden sandals before Him and stood with folded hands, his eyes brimming with tears. Rāma embraced him for a long time with both arms and bathed Bharata with His own tears. Then, accompanied by Sītā and Lakṣmaṇa, Lord Rāma offered respectful obeisances to the learned brāhmaṇas and the elders of the dynasty, and all the citizens of Ayodhyā bowed down to the Lord.

pādukethe two sandals
pāduke:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpādukā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (accusative/द्वितीया), Dvivacana (dual/द्विवचन)
nyasyahaving placed
nyasya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootni√as (धातु) + ल्यप् (absolutive/क्त्वान्त)
FormKṛdanta: Absolutive (ल्यप्/क्त्वा), meaning ‘having placed’
purataḥin front
purataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpuratas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (indeclinable/अव्यय), adverb of place (स्थानवाचक)
prāñjaliḥwith folded hands
prāñjaliḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāñjali (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन); adjective used substantively ‘with joined palms’
bāṣpa-locanaḥtear-eyed
bāṣpa-locanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbāṣpa (प्रातिपदिक) + locana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्राय) ‘eyes (locana) with tears (bāṣpa)’
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; pronoun
āśliṣyahaving embraced
āśliṣya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootā√śliṣ (धातु) + ल्यप् (absolutive)
FormKṛdanta: Absolutive (ल्यप्/क्त्वा), ‘having embraced’
ciramfor a long time
ciram:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootcira (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (indeclinable), adverb of time (कालवाचक)
dorbhyāmwith (his) two arms
dorbhyām:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdor (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā (instrumental/तृतीया), Dvivacana; ‘with (two) arms’
snāpayanwashing (him)
snāpayan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootsnāpay (सणिजन्त causative of √snā/√snai) (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Present active participle (शतृ/शानच्), Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ‘causing to bathe/washing’
netrajaiḥwith (those) from the eyes
netrajaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnetra (प्रातिपदिक) + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa ‘born from the eyes’
jalaiḥwith waters
jalaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootjala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
rāmaḥRama
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
lakṣmaṇa-sītābhyāmwith Lakshmana and Sita
lakṣmaṇa-sītābhyām:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva-samāsa; Tṛtīyā (instrumental) / Pañcamī (ablative) Dvivacana; here instrumental sense ‘together with Lakṣmaṇa and Sītā’
viprebhyaḥto the brāhmaṇas
viprebhyaḥ:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Caturthī (dative/चतुर्थी), Bahuvacana
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; relative pronoun
arha-sattamāḥmost worthy
arha-sattamāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootarha (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Karmadhāraya ‘the best (sattama) among the worthy (arha)’
tebhyaḥto them
tebhyaḥ:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Caturthī (dative) / Pañcamī (ablative), Bahuvacana; here dative ‘to them’
svayampersonally
svayam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb (स्वयम्)
namaḥsalutation
namaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnamas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya; interjection/particle of salutation (नमः)
cakredid/made (offered)
cakre:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
FormLiṭ (perfect/लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana; Parasmaipada
prajābhiḥby/with the citizens
prajābhiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
namaskṛtaḥ(he) was saluted
namaskṛtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootnamas + √kṛ (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Past passive participle (क्त), Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ‘having been saluted’
Ś
Śrī Rāma
B
Bharata
L
Lakṣmaṇa
S
Sītā
B
brāhmaṇas
C
citizens (prajā)

FAQs

This verse shows Bharata’s intense bhakti: he places Rama’s sandals before him, folds his hands, embraces Rama, and his tears become an offering—revealing devotion expressed through humility and heartfelt emotion.

Rama demonstrates maryādā (ideal conduct): honoring the most worthy brāhmaṇas and accepting the citizens’ respect, showing that true leadership is grounded in dharma and reverence for spiritual authority.

Practice humility and gratitude: respect spiritually mature people, honor teachers and elders, and let devotion be expressed through sincere service and heartfelt prayer rather than mere formality.