Adhyaya 11

Verse 1

श्रीशौनक उवाच अथेममर्थं पृच्छामो भवन्तं बहुवित्तमम् । समस्ततन्त्रराद्धान्ते भवान् भागवत तत्त्ववित् ॥ १ ॥

Śrī Śaunaka said: O Sūta, you are the foremost among the learned and a great devotee of the Supreme Lord. Therefore we now ask you about the definitive conclusion of all tantra scriptures.

Verse 2

तान्त्रिका: परिचर्यायां केवलस्य श्रिय: पते: । अङ्गोपाङ्गायुधाकल्पं कल्पयन्ति यथा च यै: ॥ २ ॥ तन्नो वर्णय भद्रं ते क्रियायोगं बुभुत्सताम् । येन क्रियानैपुणेन मर्त्यो यायादमर्त्यताम् ॥ ३ ॥

In tantric worship, while rendering regulated service to the transcendental Lord, Śrīpati, devotees conceive of His limbs and features, His associates, His weapons and His ornaments through particular material representations. May all auspiciousness be yours! Please describe to us, eager to understand, the process of kriyā-yoga, by whose expert worship a mortal may attain immortality.

Verse 3

तान्त्रिका: परिचर्यायां केवलस्य श्रिय: पते: । अङ्गोपाङ्गायुधाकल्पं कल्पयन्ति यथा च यै: ॥ २ ॥ तन्नो वर्णय भद्रं ते क्रियायोगं बुभुत्सताम् । येन क्रियानैपुणेन मर्त्यो यायादमर्त्यताम् ॥ ३ ॥

In tantric worship, while rendering regulated service to the transcendental Lord, Śrīpati, devotees conceive of His limbs and features, His associates, His weapons and His ornaments through particular material representations. May all auspiciousness be yours! Please describe to us, eager to understand, the process of kriyā-yoga, by whose expert worship a mortal may attain immortality.

Verse 4

सूत उवाच नमस्कृत्य गुरून् वक्ष्ये विभूतीर्वैष्णवीरपि । या: प्रोक्ता वेदतन्त्राभ्यामाचार्यै: पद्मजादिभि: ॥ ४ ॥

Sūta Gosvāmī said: Having offered obeisances to my spiritual masters, I shall recount the Vaiṣṇava opulences of Lord Viṣṇu, as spoken in the Vedas and tantras by great authorities beginning with lotus-born Brahmā.

Verse 5

मायाद्यैर्नवभिस्तत्त्वै: स विकारमयो विराट् । निर्मितो द‍ृश्यते यत्र सचित्के भुवनत्रयम् ॥ ५ ॥

The Lord’s universal form (virāṭ) is constituted of the nine foundational elements, beginning with unmanifest māyā, along with their transformations; when that form is infused with consciousness, the three worlds become visible within it.

Verse 6

एतद् वै पौरुषं रूपं भू: पादौ द्यौ: शिरो नभ: । नाभि: सूर्योऽक्षिणी नासे वायु: कर्णौ दिश: प्रभो: ॥ ६ ॥ प्रजापति: प्रजननमपानो मृत्युरीशितु: । तद्बाहवो लोकपाला मनश्चन्द्रो भ्रुवौ यम: ॥ ७ ॥ लज्जोत्तरोऽधरो लोभो दन्ता ज्योत्स्‍ना स्मयो भ्रम: । रोमाणि भूरुहा भूम्नो मेघा: पुरुषमूर्धजा: ॥ ८ ॥

This is the Lord’s universal Puruṣa form: the earth is His feet, the heavenly realm His head, and the sky His navel; the sun is His eyes, the wind His nostrils, and the directions His ears. Prajāpati is His generative organ, apāna (death) His anus; the world-protecting demigods are His arms, the moon His mind, and Yama His eyebrows. Shame is His lower lip, greed His upper lip; moonlight is His teeth, delusion His smile; trees are His bodily hairs, and clouds the hair upon His head.

Verse 7

एतद् वै पौरुषं रूपं भू: पादौ द्यौ: शिरो नभ: । नाभि: सूर्योऽक्षिणी नासे वायु: कर्णौ दिश: प्रभो: ॥ ६ ॥ प्रजापति: प्रजननमपानो मृत्युरीशितु: । तद्बाहवो लोकपाला मनश्चन्द्रो भ्रुवौ यम: ॥ ७ ॥ लज्जोत्तरोऽधरो लोभो दन्ता ज्योत्स्‍ना स्मयो भ्रम: । रोमाणि भूरुहा भूम्नो मेघा: पुरुषमूर्धजा: ॥ ८ ॥

This is the Lord’s universal Puruṣa form: the earth is His feet, the heavenly realm His head, and the sky His navel; the sun is His eyes, the wind His nostrils, and the directions His ears. Prajāpati is His generative organ, apāna (death) His anus; the world-protecting demigods are His arms, the moon His mind, and Yama His eyebrows. Shame is His lower lip, greed His upper lip; moonlight is His teeth, delusion His smile; trees are His bodily hairs, and clouds the hair upon His head.

Verse 8

एतद् वै पौरुषं रूपं भू: पादौ द्यौ: शिरो नभ: । नाभि: सूर्योऽक्षिणी नासे वायु: कर्णौ दिश: प्रभो: ॥ ६ ॥ प्रजापति: प्रजननमपानो मृत्युरीशितु: । तद्बाहवो लोकपाला मनश्चन्द्रो भ्रुवौ यम: ॥ ७ ॥ लज्जोत्तरोऽधरो लोभो दन्ता ज्योत्स्‍ना स्मयो भ्रम: । रोमाणि भूरुहा भूम्नो मेघा: पुरुषमूर्धजा: ॥ ८ ॥

This is the Lord’s universal Puruṣa form: the earth is His feet, the heavenly realm His head, and the sky His navel; the sun is His eyes, the wind His nostrils, and the directions His ears. Prajāpati is His generative organ, apāna (death) His anus; the world-protecting demigods are His arms, the moon His mind, and Yama His eyebrows. Shame is His lower lip, greed His upper lip; moonlight is His teeth, delusion His smile; trees are His bodily hairs, and clouds the hair upon His head.

Verse 9

यावानयं वै पुरुषो यावत्या संस्थया मित: । तावानसावपि महापुरुषो लोकसंस्थया ॥ ९ ॥

Just as one measures an ordinary person by the dimensions of his limbs, so the dimensions of the Mahāpuruṣa are understood by measuring the arrangement of the planetary systems within His universal form.

Verse 10

कौस्तुभव्यपदेशेन स्वात्मज्योतिर्बिभर्त्यज: । तत्प्रभा व्यापिनी साक्षात् श्रीवत्समुरसा विभु: ॥ १० ॥

The almighty, unborn Lord bears upon His chest the Kaustubha gem, emblem of the pure spirit soul, and upon that same chest shines the Śrīvatsa mark, the direct manifestation of the gem’s all-pervading effulgence.

Verse 11

स्वमायां वनमालाख्यां नानागुणमयीं दधत् । वासश्छन्दोमयं पीतं ब्रह्मसूत्रं त्रिवृत् स्वरम् ॥ ११ ॥ बिभर्ति साङ्ख्यं योगं च देवो मकरकुण्डले । मौलिं पदं पारमेष्ठ्यं सर्वलोकाभयङ्करम् ॥ १२ ॥

The Lord wears His own māyā, woven of many qualities, as a flower garland. His yellow garment is the Vedic meters, and His sacred thread is the praṇava “Om” of three sounds. As shark-shaped (makara) earrings He bears the paths of Sāṅkhya and yoga, and His crown—granting fearlessness to all worlds—is the supreme station of Brahmaloka.

Verse 12

स्वमायां वनमालाख्यां नानागुणमयीं दधत् । वासश्छन्दोमयं पीतं ब्रह्मसूत्रं त्रिवृत् स्वरम् ॥ ११ ॥ बिभर्ति साङ्ख्यं योगं च देवो मकरकुण्डले । मौलिं पदं पारमेष्ठ्यं सर्वलोकाभयङ्करम् ॥ १२ ॥

The Lord wears His own māyā, woven of many qualities, as a flower garland. His yellow garment is the Vedic meters, and His sacred thread is the praṇava “Om” of three sounds. As shark-shaped (makara) earrings He bears the paths of Sāṅkhya and yoga, and His crown—granting fearlessness to all worlds—is the supreme station of Brahmaloka.

Verse 13

अव्याकृतमनन्ताख्यमासनं यदधिष्ठित: । धर्मज्ञानादिभिर्युक्तं सत्त्वं पद्ममिहोच्यते ॥ १३ ॥

Ananta, the Lord’s seat, is the unmanifest phase of material nature, and His lotus throne is called sattva—the mode of goodness—endowed with dharma and knowledge.

Verse 14

ओज:सहोबलयुतं मुख्यतत्त्वं गदां दधत् । अपां तत्त्वं दरवरं तेजस्तत्त्वं सुदर्शनम् ॥ १४ ॥ नभोनिभं नभस्तत्त्वमसिं चर्म तमोमयम् । कालरूपं धनु: शार्ङ्गं तथा कर्ममयेषुधिम् ॥ १५ ॥

The Lord’s club embodies the chief element, prāṇa, endowed with sensory, mental, and bodily strength. His conchshell is the water element, His Sudarśana disc the fire element, and His sword—pure like the sky—the ether element; His shield is the mode of ignorance, His Śārṅga bow is time itself, and His quiver filled with arrows is the working senses.

Verse 15

ओज:सहोबलयुतं मुख्यतत्त्वं गदां दधत् । अपां तत्त्वं दरवरं तेजस्तत्त्वं सुदर्शनम् ॥ १४ ॥ नभोनिभं नभस्तत्त्वमसिं चर्म तमोमयम् । कालरूपं धनु: शार्ङ्गं तथा कर्ममयेषुधिम् ॥ १५ ॥

The Lord’s club embodies the chief element, prāṇa, endowed with sensory, mental, and bodily strength. His conchshell is the water element, His Sudarśana disc the fire element, and His sword—pure like the sky—the ether element; His shield is the mode of ignorance, His Śārṅga bow is time itself, and His quiver filled with arrows is the working senses.

Verse 16

इन्द्रियाणि शरानाहुराकूतीरस्य स्यन्दनम् । तन्मात्राण्यस्याभिव्यक्तिं मुद्रयार्थक्रियात्मताम् ॥ १६ ॥

His arrows are said to be the senses, and His chariot the forceful, active mind (ākūti). His outward manifestation is the subtle objects of perception (tan-mātras), and the gestures of His hands are the very essence of all purposeful action.

Verse 17

मण्डलं देवयजनं दीक्षा संस्कार आत्मन: । परिचर्या भगवत आत्मनो दुरितक्षय: ॥ १७ ॥

The sun globe is a place of worship for the Supreme Lord; dīkṣā (spiritual initiation) is the soul’s purification; and devotional service to Bhagavān is the process that destroys all sinful reactions.

Verse 18

भगवान् भगशब्दार्थं लीलाकमलमुद्वहन् । धर्मं यशश्च भगवांश्चामरव्यजनेऽभजत् ॥ १८ ॥

Playfully bearing a lotus—the emblem of the opulences signified by the word bhaga—the Supreme Lord accepts the service of two cāmara fans: dharma (religion) and fame.

Verse 19

आतपत्रं तु वैकुण्ठं द्विजा धामाकुतोभयम् । त्रिवृद्‌वेद: सुपर्णाख्यो यज्ञं वहति पूरुषम् ॥ १९ ॥

O brāhmaṇas, the Lord’s umbrella is His own abode, Vaikuṇṭha, free from all fear; and Suparṇa Garuḍa, who bears the Yajña-Puruṣa, is the embodiment of the threefold Veda.

Verse 20

अनपायिनी भगवती श्री: साक्षादात्मनो हरे: । विष्वक्सेनस्तन्त्रमूर्तिर्विदित: पार्षदाधिप: । नन्दादयोऽष्टौ द्वा:स्थाश्च तेऽणिमाद्या हरेर्गुणा: ॥ २० ॥

Śrī, the blessed goddess of fortune who never departs from Hari, appears with Him in this world as the manifest form of His internal potency. Viṣvaksena, chief of His personal associates, is known as the personification of the Pañcarātra and other tantras. And the Lord’s eight gatekeepers, headed by Nanda, are His mystic perfections, beginning with aṇimā.

Verse 21

वासुदेव: सङ्कर्षण: प्रद्युम्न: पुरुष: स्वयम् । अनिरुद्ध इति ब्रह्मन् मूर्तिव्यूहोऽभिधीयते ॥ २१ ॥

O brāhmaṇa, Vāsudeva, Saṅkarṣaṇa, Pradyumna and Aniruddha—these are the names of the Lord’s direct fourfold personal expansions, known as the catur-vyūha.

Verse 22

स विश्वस्तैजस: प्राज्ञस्तुरीय इति वृत्तिभि: । अर्थेन्द्रियाशयज्ञानैर्भगवान् परिभाव्यते ॥ २२ ॥

One may contemplate the Bhagavān as Viśva (wakefulness), Taijasa (dream), and Prājña (deep sleep)—which function respectively through external objects, the mind, and material intelligence—and also as Turīya, the fourth, transcendental consciousness marked by pure knowledge.

Verse 23

अङ्गोपाङ्गायुधाकल्पैर्भगवांस्तच्चतुष्टयम् । बिभर्ति स्म चतुर्मूर्तिर्भगवान् हरिरीश्वर: ॥ २३ ॥

Thus Lord Hari, the supreme Īśvara, appears in four personal expansions, each displaying major and minor limbs, weapons, and ornaments. By these distinct features the Lord sustains the four phases of existence.

Verse 24

द्विजऋषभ स एष ब्रह्मयोनि: स्वयंद‍ृक् स्वमहिमपरिपूर्णो मायया च स्वयैतत् । सृजति हरति पातीत्याख्ययानावृताक्षो विवृत इव निरुक्तस्तत्परैरात्मलभ्य: ॥ २४ ॥

O best of brāhmaṇas, He alone is self-luminous, the original source of the Vedas, perfect and complete in His own glory. By His māyā-śakti He creates, maintains, and destroys this universe. Though described as if divided by material functions, He ever remains transcendent, established in pure knowledge. Those devoted to Him in bhakti realize Him as their true Soul.

Verse 25

श्रीकृष्ण कृष्णसख वृष्ण्यृषभावनिध्रुग् राजन्यवंशदहनानपवर्गवीर्य । गोविन्द गोपवनिताव्रजभृत्यगीत- तीर्थश्रव: श्रवणमङ्गल पाहि भृत्यान् ॥ २५ ॥

O Kṛṣṇa, friend of Arjuna, foremost of the Vṛṣṇis, destroyer of the disruptive royal factions upon the earth—Your prowess never wanes. O Govinda, Your most sacred glories, sung by Vraja’s gopīs, gopas, and their servants, bestow auspiciousness simply by being heard. O Lord, please protect Your devotees.

Verse 26

य इदं कल्य उत्थाय महापुरुषलक्षणम् । तच्चित्त: प्रयतो जप्‍त्वा ब्रह्म वेद गुहाशयम् ॥ २६ ॥

Whoever rises early in the morning and, with a purified mind fixed upon the Mahāpuruṣa, softly chants this description of His characteristics will realize the Supreme Brahman dwelling within the cave of the heart.

Verse 27

श्रीशौनक उवाच शुको यदाह भगवान् विष्णुराताय श‍ृण्वते । सौरो गणो मासि मासि नाना वसति सप्तक: ॥ २७ ॥ तेषां नामानि कर्माणि नियुक्तानामधीश्वरै: । ब्रूहि न: श्रद्दधानानां व्यूहं सूर्यात्मनो हरे: ॥ २८ ॥

Śrī Śaunaka said: Please tell us what Bhagavān Śukadeva spoke to Viṣṇurāta (Parīkṣit) as he listened. The sun-god’s retinue appears each month in different forms, in groups of seven. Kindly describe to us, who have faith, their names and duties as appointed by their lords, for they are personal expansions of Hari as the presiding deity of the sun.

Verse 28

श्रीशौनक उवाच शुको यदाह भगवान् विष्णुराताय श‍ृण्वते । सौरो गणो मासि मासि नाना वसति सप्तक: ॥ २७ ॥ तेषां नामानि कर्माणि नियुक्तानामधीश्वरै: । ब्रूहि न: श्रद्दधानानां व्यूहं सूर्यात्मनो हरे: ॥ २८ ॥

Śrī Śaunaka said: Please tell us what Bhagavān Śukadeva spoke to Viṣṇurāta (Parīkṣit) as he listened. The sun-god’s retinue appears each month in different forms, in groups of seven. Kindly describe to us, who have faith, their names and duties as appointed by their lords, for they are personal expansions of Hari as the presiding deity of the sun.

Verse 29

सूत उवाच अनाद्यविद्यया विष्णोरात्मन: सर्वदेहिनाम् । निर्मितो लोकतन्त्रोऽयं लोकेषु परिवर्तते ॥ २९ ॥

Sūta said: By His beginningless māyā, Śrī Viṣṇu—the Paramātmā of all embodied beings—has fashioned this cosmic order; the sun moves among the worlds and regulates their courses.

Verse 30

एक एव हि लोकानां सूर्य आत्मादिकृद्धरि: । सर्ववेदक्रियामूलमृषिभिर्बहुधोदित: ॥ ३० ॥

The sun-god is nondifferent from Bhagavān Hari: He is the one soul of all the worlds and their original creator. He is the source of Vedic ritual acts, and the sages have praised Him by many names.

Verse 31

कालो देश: क्रिया कर्ता करणं कार्यमागम: । द्रव्यं फलमिति ब्रह्मन् नवधोक्तोऽजया हरि: ॥ ३१ ॥

O brāhmaṇa, Bhagavān Hari—the source of māyā’s energy—appearing as the sun-god is described in nine aspects: time, place, endeavor, performer, instrument, specific rite, scripture, worship paraphernalia, and the result to be attained.

Verse 32

मध्वादिषु द्वादशसु भगवान् कालरूपधृक् । लोकतन्त्राय चरति पृथग्द्वादशभिर्गणै: ॥ ३२ ॥

The Supreme Lord, manifesting the power of time as the sun-god, travels through the twelve months beginning with Madhu to regulate the universe’s motions. In each month a different set of six associates accompanies the sun-god.

Verse 33

धाता कृतस्थली हेतिर्वासुकी रथकृन्मुने । पुलस्त्यस्तुम्बुरुरिति मधुमासं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ३३ ॥

O sage, the month of Madhu is presided over by Dhātā as the sun-god, Kṛtasthalī as the Apsarā, Heti as the Rākṣasa, Vāsuki as the Nāga, Rathakṛt as the Yakṣa, Pulastya as the ṛṣi, and Tumburu as the Gandharva.

Verse 34

अर्यमा पुलहोऽथौजा: प्रहेति: पुञ्जिकस्थली । नारद: कच्छनीरश्च नयन्त्येते स्म माधवम् ॥ ३४ ॥

Aryamā as the sun-god, Pulaha as the sage, Athaujā as the Yakṣa, Praheti as the Rākṣasa, Puñjikasthalī as the Apsarā, Nārada as the Gandharva, and Kacchanīra as the Nāga—these preside over the month of Mādhava.

Verse 35

मित्रोऽत्रि: पौरुषेयोऽथ तक्षको मेनका हहा: । रथस्वन इति ह्येते शुक्रमासं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ३५ ॥

Mitra as the sun-god, Atri as the sage, Pauruṣeya as the Rākṣasa, Takṣaka as the Nāga, Menakā as the Apsarā, Hāhā as the Gandharva, and Rathasvana as the Yakṣa—these preside over the month of Śukra.

Verse 36

वसिष्ठो वरुणो रम्भा सहजन्यस्तथा हुहू: । शुक्रश्चित्रस्वनश्चैव शुचिमासं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ३६ ॥

Vasiṣṭha as the sage, Varuṇa as the sun-god, Rambhā as the Apsarā, Sahajanya as the Rākṣasa, Hūhū as the Gandharva, Śukra as the Nāga, and Citrasvana as the Yakṣa—these preside over the month of Śuci.

Verse 37

इन्द्रो विश्वावसु: श्रोता एलापत्रस्तथाङ्गिरा: । प्रम्‍लोचा राक्षसो वर्यो नभोमासं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ३७ ॥

Indra as the sun-god, Viśvāvasu as the Gandharva, Śrotā as the Yakṣa, Elāpatra as the Nāga, Aṅgirā as the sage, Pramlocā as the Apsarā, and Varya as the Rākṣasa—these preside over the month of Nabhas.

Verse 38

विवस्वानुग्रसेनश्च व्याघ्र आसारणो भृगु: । अनुम्‍लोचा शङ्खपालो नभस्याख्यं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ३८ ॥

Vivasvān as the sun-god, Ugrasena as the Gandharva, Vyāghra as the Rākṣasa, Āsāraṇa as the Yakṣa, Bhṛgu as the sage, Anumlocā as the Apsarā, and Śaṅkhapāla as the Nāga—these preside over the month called Nabhasya.

Verse 39

पूषा धनञ्जयो वात: सुषेण: सुरुचिस्तथा । घृताची गौतमश्चेति तपोमासं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ३९ ॥

Pūṣā as the sun-god, Dhanañjaya as the Nāga, Vāta as the Rākṣasa, Suṣeṇa as the Gandharva, Suruci as the Yakṣa, Ghṛtācī as the Apsarā, and Gautama as the sage—these preside over the month of Tapas.

Verse 40

ऋतुर्वर्चा भरद्वाज: पर्जन्य: सेनजित्तथा । विश्व ऐरावतश्चैव तपस्याख्यं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ४० ॥

Ṛtu as the Yakṣa, Varcā as the Rākṣasa, Bharadvāja as the sage, Parjanya as the sun-god, Senajit as the Apsarā, Viśva as the Gandharva, and Airāvata as the Nāga—these preside over the month called Tapasyā.

Verse 41

अथांशु: कश्यपस्तार्क्ष्य ऋतसेनस्तथोर्वशी । विद्युच्छत्रुर्महाशङ्ख: सहोमासं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ४१ ॥

Aṁśu as the sun-god, Kaśyapa as the sage, Tārkṣya as the Yakṣa, Ṛtasena as the Gandharva, Urvaśī as the Apsarā, Vidyucchatru as the Rākṣasa, and Mahāśaṅkha as the Nāga—these preside over the month of Sahaḥ.

Verse 42

भग: स्फूर्जोऽरिष्टनेमिरूर्ण आयुश्च पञ्चम: । कर्कोटक: पूर्वचित्ति: पुष्यमासं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ४२ ॥

Bhaga as the sun-god, Sphūrja as the Rākṣasa, Ariṣṭanemi as the Gandharva, Ūrṇa as the Yakṣa, Āyur as the sage, Karkoṭaka as the Nāga, and Pūrvacitti as the Apsarā—these preside over the month of Puṣya.

Verse 43

त्वष्टा ऋचीकतनय: कम्बलश्च तिलोत्तमा । ब्रह्मापेतोऽथ शतजिद् धृतराष्ट्र इषम्भरा: ॥ ४३ ॥

Tvaṣṭā as the sun-god; Jamadagni, son of Ṛcīka, as the sage; Kambalāśva as the Nāga; Tilottamā as the Apsarā; Brahmāpeta as the Rākṣasa; Śatajit as the Yakṣa; and Dhṛtarāṣṭra as the Gandharva—these uphold the month of Iṣa.

Verse 44

विष्णुरश्वतरो रम्भा सूर्यवर्चाश्च सत्यजित् । विश्वामित्रो मखापेत ऊर्जमासं नयन्त्यमी ॥ ४४ ॥

In the month of Ūrja, Viṣṇu presides as the sun-god; Aśvatara as the Nāga; Rambhā as the Apsarā; Sūryavarcā as the Gandharva; Satyajit as the Yakṣa; Viśvāmitra as the sage; and Makhāpeta as the Rākṣasa, ruling that month.

Verse 45

एता भगवतो विष्णोरादित्यस्य विभूतय: । स्मरतां सन्ध्ययोर्नृणां हरन्त्यंहो दिने दिने ॥ ४५ ॥

All these are vibhūtis—glorious manifestations—of Bhagavān Viṣṇu as the sun-god. For those who remember them each day at dawn and at sunset, they remove sinful reactions day after day.

Verse 46

द्वादशस्वपि मासेषु देवोऽसौ षड्‌भिरस्य वै । चरन् समन्तात्तनुते परत्रेह च सन्मतिम् ॥ ४६ ॥

Thus, through all twelve months, the lord of the sun journeys in every direction with his six kinds of associates, spreading among the beings of this universe purity of consciousness and right-mindedness for this life and the next.

Verse 47

सामर्ग्यजुर्भिस्तल्ल‍िङ्गैऋर्षय: संस्तुवन्त्यमुम् । गन्धर्वास्तं प्रगायन्ति नृत्यन्त्यप्सरसोऽग्रत: ॥ ४७ ॥ उन्नह्यन्ति रथं नागा ग्रामण्यो रथयोजका: । चोदयन्ति रथं पृष्ठे नैऋर्ता बलशालिन: ॥ ४८ ॥

The sages glorify the sun-god with hymns of the Sāma, Ṛg, and Yajur Vedas that reveal his true identity. The Gandharvas sing his praises, and the Apsarās dance before his chariot. The Nāgas tighten the chariot’s ropes, the Yakṣas yoke the horses, and the powerful Rākṣasas push from behind.

Verse 48

सामर्ग्यजुर्भिस्तल्ल‍िङ्गैऋर्षय: संस्तुवन्त्यमुम् । गन्धर्वास्तं प्रगायन्ति नृत्यन्त्यप्सरसोऽग्रत: ॥ ४७ ॥ उन्नह्यन्ति रथं नागा ग्रामण्यो रथयोजका: । चोदयन्ति रथं पृष्ठे नैऋर्ता बलशालिन: ॥ ४८ ॥

The sages glorify the sun-god with hymns of the Sāma, Ṛg, and Yajur Vedas that reveal his true identity. The Gandharvas sing his praises, and the Apsarās dance before his chariot. The Nāgas tighten the chariot’s ropes, the Yakṣas yoke the horses, and the powerful Rākṣasas push from behind.

Verse 49

वालखिल्या: सहस्राणि षष्टिर्ब्रह्मर्षयोऽमला: । पुरतोऽभिमुखं यान्ति स्तुवन्ति स्तुतिभिर्विभुम् ॥ ४९ ॥

Facing the chariot, sixty thousand spotless brāhmaṇa sages known as the Vālakhilyas proceed in front, offering Vedic-mantra prayers to the almighty sun-god.

Verse 50

एवं ह्यनादिनिधनो भगवान् हरिरीश्वर: । कल्पे कल्पे स्वमात्मानं व्यूह्य लोकानवत्यज: ॥ ५० ॥

Thus the Supreme Lord Hari—unborn, without beginning or end—expands Himself in every kalpa into His personal manifestations, protecting all the worlds.