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Shloka 20

Sudāmā Brāhmaṇa Receives Kṛṣṇa’s Mercy

The Gift of Flat Rice

अधनोऽयं धनं प्राप्य माद्यन्नुच्चैर्न मां स्मरेत् । इति कारुणिको नूनं धनं मेऽभूरि नाददात् ॥ २० ॥

adhano ’yaṁ dhanaṁ prāpya mādyann uccair na māṁ smaret iti kāruṇiko nūnaṁ dhanaṁ me ’bhūri nādadāt

Thinking, “If this poor wretch suddenly becomes rich, he will forget Me in his intoxicating joy,” the compassionate Lord did not grant me even a little wealth.

अधनःpoor
अधनः:
कर्तृ (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (ayam)
अयम्this man/he
अयम्:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
धनम्wealth
धनम्:
कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; कर्म
प्राप्यhaving obtained
प्राप्य:
पूर्वकाल (Pūrvakāla/पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√आप् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having obtained’
माद्यन्becoming intoxicated
माद्यन्:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√मद् (धातु) + माद्यत् (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘becoming intoxicated’
उच्चैःhighly/proudly
उच्चैः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउच्चैः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय—क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
not
:
निषेध (Niṣedha/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय—निषेध (negation particle)
माम्me
माम्:
कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; कर्म
स्मरेत्might remember
स्मरेत्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√स्मृ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय—उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्ति सूचक (quotative)
कारुणिकःcompassionate
कारुणिकः:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootकारुणिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (implicit subject: Bhagavān)
नूनम्surely
नूनम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय—निश्चयार्थक (certainly)
धनम्wealth
धनम्:
कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; कर्म
मेto me/of me
मे:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (Sampradāna/Sambandha)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th case), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘to me/of me’)
अभूरिtoo much/excessive
अभूरि:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभूरि (अव्यय/विशेषण)
Formअव्यय—परिमाणवाचक (very much/excessive)
not
:
निषेध (Niṣedha/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय—निषेध
अददात्gave
अददात्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√दा (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

Sudāmā’s statement that Lord Kṛṣṇa bestowed on him “not even a little wealth” may also be taken to mean that instead of giving him wealth that was abhuri, “slight,” the Lord in fact gave him the immense treasure of His association. This alternate meaning has been suggested by Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī.

S
Sudāmā
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse explains that excessive wealth can intoxicate a person with pride and make them forget the Lord; out of compassion, the Lord may withhold riches to protect the devotee’s remembrance (smaraṇa) and humility.

Reflecting on his own poverty, Sudāmā interprets it as Kṛṣṇa’s mercy—believing the Lord prevented him from becoming materially proud and spiritually forgetful.

Treat material gains as secondary, practice gratitude in scarcity, and keep daily remembrance of God (japa, prayer, study) so success does not turn into pride or spiritual neglect.