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Shloka 27

Śālva Attacks Dvārakā; Pradyumna Leads the Defense

Saubha-vimāna and Māyā-yuddha

प्रद्युम्नं गदया शीर्णवक्ष:स्थलमरिंदमम् । अपोवाह रणात्सूतो धर्मविद् दारुकात्मज: ॥ २७ ॥

pradyumnaṁ gadayā sīrṇa- vakṣaḥ-sthalam ariṁ-damam apovāha raṇāt sūto dharma-vid dārukātmajaḥ

Thinking that the club had shattered the chest of the valiant Pradyumna, his charioteer—the dharma-knowing son of Dāruka—carried him away from the battlefield.

pradyumnamPradyumna
pradyumnam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpradyumna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
gadayāwith a mace
gadayā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootgadā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
śīrṇa-vakṣaḥ-sthalamwhose chest-area was shattered
śīrṇa-vakṣaḥ-sthalam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśīrṇa (√śṝ/शॄ धातु, क्त) + vakṣas + sthala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (śīrṇaṃ vakṣaḥ-sthalaṃ yasya) — ‘whose chest-region is shattered’; pradyumnam इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
arim-damamsubduer of enemies
arim-damam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootari + dama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (arin damayati iti)
apovāhacarried away
apovāha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootapa-√vah (वह् धातु)
Formलिट्/परस्मैपद-रूपं (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; ‘carried away/removed’
raṇātfrom the battle
raṇāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन
sūtaḥthe charioteer
sūtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
dharma-vitknower of duty
dharma-vit:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdharma + vid (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (dharmaṃ vetti iti)
dāruka-ātmajaḥson of Dāruka
dāruka-ātmajaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdāruka + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (dārukasya ātmajaḥ)

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī explains that actually Lord Pradyumna has a sac-cid-ānanda body, an eternal, spiritual form that can never be wounded by mundane weapons. Dāruka’s son, however, was a great devotee of the Lord, and out of intense love he feared for the safety of his master and thus removed Him from the battlefield.

P
Pradyumna
D
Dāruka
D
Dāruka’s son (Pradyumna’s charioteer)

FAQs

This verse highlights dharma as practical duty: the charioteer, knowing what is right, protects his warrior by withdrawing him when he is dangerously wounded.

Because Pradyumna’s chest had been shattered by a mace blow, and the charioteer—described as dharma-vid—acted responsibly to save him from immediate peril.

Even in intense struggle, wisdom means knowing when to step back, seek protection, and preserve strength—dharma includes timely retreat, not reckless persistence.