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Shloka 31

Chapter 54

तस्य चापततः खड्गं तिलशश् चर्म चेषुभिः । छित्त्वासिम् आददे तिग्मं रुक्मिणं हन्तुम् उद्यतः ॥

tasya cāpatataḥ khaḍgaṃ tilaśaś carma ceṣubhiḥ / chittvāsim ādade tigmaṃ rukmiṇaṃ hantum udyataḥ //

As Rukmī rushed forward, Kṛṣṇa shattered his sword into pieces and pierced his shield with arrows. Then Kṛṣṇa seized His own razor-sharp sword, ready to strike Rukmī down.

तस्यof him
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (सम्बन्ध/Sambandha)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; genitive singular (of him)
and
:
सम्बन्ध (सम्बन्ध/Sambandha)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction
आपततःas he rushed at (him)
आपततः:
सम्बन्ध (सम्बन्ध/Sambandha)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-पत् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle); पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी, एकवचन; of (him) who was rushing/falling upon
खड्गम्sword
खड्गम्:
कर्म (कर्म/Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; accusative singular
तिलशःinto pieces
तिलशः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतिलशस् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) = तिलवत्/तिल-तिलम्, 'into bits'
चर्मshield
चर्म:
कर्म (कर्म/Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; accusative singular
इषुभिःwith arrows
इषुभिः:
करण (करणम्/Karaṇa)
TypeNoun
Rootइषु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया, बहुवचन; instrumental plural (with arrows)
छित्त्वाhaving cut
छित्त्वा:
पूर्वकाल (पूर्वकाल/Adverbial)
TypeVerb
Rootछिद् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); having cut
असिम्sword
असिम्:
कर्म (कर्म/Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootअसि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; accusative singular
आददेtook up
आददे:
क्रिया (क्रिया/Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-दा (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; he took (for himself)
तिग्मम्sharp
तिग्मम्:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
TypeAdjective
Rootतिग्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण; पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया, एकवचन; accusative singular (sharp)
रुक्मिणम्Rukmi
रुक्मिणम्:
कर्म (कर्म/Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootरुक्मिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; accusative singular
हन्तुम्to kill
हन्तुम्:
प्रयोजन (प्रयोजन/Prayojana)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त infinitive; to kill
उद्यतःready/intent
उद्यतः:
कर्ता (कर्ता/Kartā)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्-यम् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP) used adjectivally; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचन; ready/raised

This verse highlights the decisive superiority of Śrī Kṛṣṇa in battle and the futility of prideful aggression against the Lord. Rukmī, driven by arrogance and hostility toward Kṛṣṇa, charges forward with weapons—yet Kṛṣṇa effortlessly breaks his offense: the sword is cut to fragments and the shield is neutralized by arrows. The narrative also builds tension: Kṛṣṇa now raises His own sword, poised to kill. In the Bhagavatam’s theology, such moments reveal both aspects of the Lord—His invincible power (aiśvarya) and, as the story soon unfolds, His compassionate restraint when devotees (like Rukmiṇī) appeal to His mercy. The verse thus prepares the reader to see that divine strength is never blind violence; it is guided by dharma, affection for devotees, and the Lord’s higher purpose in His līlā.

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
R
Rukmī

FAQs

This verse shows Kṛṣṇa effortlessly neutralizing Rukmī’s weapons—shattering the sword and piercing the shield—demonstrating the Lord’s invincible supremacy within His līlā.

Rukmī attacked Kṛṣṇa out of hostility and pride after the marriage of Rukmiṇī; seeing his aggression, Kṛṣṇa raised His sword to punish him according to kṣatriya justice.

Prideful opposition collapses quickly; the Bhagavatam urges humility and restraint—strength should be guided by dharma and compassion, not ego.