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Shloka 1

Kṛṣṇa Slays Kuvalayāpīḍa and Enters Kaṁsa’s Wrestling Arena

श्रीशुक उवाच अथ कृष्णश्च रामश्च कृतशौचौ परन्तप । मल्लदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषं श्रुत्वा द्रष्टुमुपेयतु: ॥ १ ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca atha kṛṣṇaś ca rāmaś ca kṛta-śaucau parantapa malla-dundubhi-nirghoṣaṁ śrutvā draṣṭum upeyatuḥ

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: O chastiser of enemies, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, having completed the rites of purification, heard the kettledrums resounding in the wrestling arena and went there to see.

श्री-शुकःŚrī Śuka
श्री-शुकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootश्री (प्रातिपदिक) + शुक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः: श्रीमान् शुकः
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन
अथthen/now
अथ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/discourse)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb/sequence marker)
कृष्णःKṛṣṇa
कृष्णः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
रामःRāma (Balarāma)
रामः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
कृत-शौचौhaving performed purification
कृत-शौचौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (कृदन्त; √कृ) + शौच (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; समासः: कृतं शौचं ययोः (having performed purification)
परन्तपO subduer of foes
परन्तप:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootपरन्तप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
मल्ल-दुन्दुभि-निर्घोषम्the sound of the wrestlers’ drum
मल्ल-दुन्दुभि-निर्घोषम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमल्ल (प्रातिपदिक) + दुन्दुभि (प्रातिपदिक) + निर्घोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः: मल्लानां दुन्दुभेः निर्घोषः (sound of wrestlers' drum)
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)
द्रष्टुम्to see
द्रष्टुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive)
उपेयतुःthe two approached/went
उपेयतुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउप√इ (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन

Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī explains the words kṛta-śaucau, “having executed all necessary purification,” as follows: “Two days previously, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma had executed Their purification, Their relief from offense [by performing heroic deeds]. The Lords reasoned: ‘Even after We have made Our power known by breaking the bow and by performing other feats, Our parents have still not secured freedom. Kaṁsa is again trying to kill them. Therefore, although he is Our maternal uncle, it will not be wrong for Us to kill him.’ They assured Their offenselessness by this reasoning.”

Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
K
Kṛṣṇa
B
Balarāma (Rāma)
P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja

FAQs

In 10.43.1, Śukadeva describes Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma hearing the wrestlers’ drums and going to the arena to witness the event, initiating the unfolding of Kaṁsa’s final confrontation.

It highlights their observance of proper conduct and purity before public engagement, showing that divine līlā also models dharmic discipline.

It teaches preparedness and inner cleanliness—begin spiritual or important duties with a deliberate moment of purification, focus, and respect for dharma.