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Shloka 1

Gopī-gīta in Separation: The Flute’s Call and Vraja’s Ecstatic Response

श्रीशुक उवाच गोप्य: कृष्णे वनं याते तमनुद्रुतचेतस: । कृष्णलीला: प्रगायन्त्यो निन्युर्दु:खेन वासरान् ॥ १ ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca gopyaḥ kṛṣṇe vanaṁ yāte tam anudruta-cetasaḥ kṛṣṇa-līlāḥ pragāyantyo ninyur duḥkhena vāsarān

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: Whenever Kṛṣṇa went to the forest, the gopīs’ minds ran after Him, and in sorrow they passed their days singing of Kṛṣṇa’s līlās.

श्री-शुकःŚrī Śuka
श्री-शुकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootश्री (उपपद) + शुक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (honorific epithet)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
गोप्यःthe gopīs
गोप्यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
कृष्णेwhen Kṛṣṇa (was)
कृष्णे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute) with याते
वनम्to the forest
वनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; गत्यर्थे कर्म (destination)
यातेhaving gone
याते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) → यात (कृदन्त-भूतकर्मणि/क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी: ‘कृष्णे ... याते’ = when Kṛṣṇa had gone
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अनुद्रुत-चेतसःwhose minds followed (him)
अनुद्रुत-चेतसः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग) + द्रु (धातु) → द्रुत (क्त) + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः: ‘अनुद्रुतं चेतः यस्याः’ = whose minds ran after (him)
कृष्ण-लीलाःKṛṣṇa’s pastimes
कृष्ण-लीलाः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + लीला (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘कृष्णस्य लीलाः’
प्रगायन्त्यःsinging
प्रगायन्त्यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootगै (धातु) + प्र (उपसर्ग) → गायत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘singing forth’
निन्युःthey passed/spent
निन्युः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
दुःखेनwith sorrow
दुःखेन:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भावे तृतीया (instrumental of manner)
वासरान्days
वासरान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवासर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

Although the gopīs enjoyed direct association with Kṛṣṇa at night in the rāsa dance, during the day He went about His normal duties, tending His cows in the forest. At that time the minds of the gopīs would run after Him, but the young girls had to stay back in the village and do their own duties. Thus feeling the pain of separation, they would sing about Śrī Kṛṣṇa’s transcendental pastimes.

Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
G
Gopīs
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse shows the gopīs’ minds running after Kṛṣṇa when He leaves for the forest; their sorrow becomes devotion expressed through singing His līlās.

Because their hearts are absorbed in Him; kīrtana of His līlā becomes their way to remain connected with Kṛṣṇa during separation.

When feeling distance or difficulty, engage the mind through hearing and singing about Kṛṣṇa’s pastimes—turning emotion into steady remembrance and devotion.