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Shloka 19

The Appearance of Lord Viṣṇu (Kṛṣṇa) and the Divine Exchange with Yoga-māyā

त्वत्तोऽस्य जन्मस्थितिसंयमान् विभो वदन्त्यनीहादगुणादविक्रियात् । त्वयीश्वरे ब्रह्मणि नो विरुध्यते त्वदाश्रयत्वादुपचर्यते गुणै: ॥ १९ ॥

tvatto ’sya janma-sthiti-saṁyamān vibho vadanty anīhād aguṇād avikriyāt tvayīśvare brahmaṇi no virudhyate tvad-āśrayatvād upacaryate guṇaiḥ

O Lord, learned scholars say that creation, maintenance, and destruction are performed by You, yet You remain changeless and unaffected by the modes of nature.

tvattaḥfrom you
tvattaḥ:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular; pronoun
asyaof this (universe)
asya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular
janma-sthiti-saṁyamānbirth, sustenance, and dissolution/control
janma-sthiti-saṁyamān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjanman (प्रातिपदिक) + sthiti (प्रातिपदिक) + saṁyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural; enumerative compound meaning ‘birth, maintenance, and restraint/dissolution’
vibhoO all-powerful one
vibho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvibhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular
vadantithey say
vadanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (वद् धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural
anīhātfrom (your) desirelessness/effortlessness
anīhāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roota-nīha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular
aguṇātfrom being without material qualities
aguṇāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roota-guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular
avikriyātfrom being changeless
avikriyāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roota-vikriya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular
tvayiin you
tvayi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormLocative (सप्तमी/7), Singular
īśvare(as) the Lord
īśvare:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; in apposition with tvayi
brahmaṇiin Brahman
brahmaṇi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular; in apposition
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; negation
virudhyateis contradicted/conflicts
virudhyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + √rudh (रुध् धातु; ‘to oppose/conflict’)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular
tvad-āśrayatvātbecause it depends on you
tvad-āśrayatvāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottvad (सर्वनाम) + āśraya (प्रातिपदिक) + tva (त्व-प्रत्यय)
FormAblatival abstract (पञ्चमी-अर्थे); ‘because of being dependent on you’
upacaryateis applied/attributed (figuratively)
upacaryate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa + √car (चर् धातु; ‘to be applied/used’)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular; passive-like sense ‘is applied’
guṇaiḥby/with qualities
guṇaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural

As stated in the Vedas:

K
Kṛṣṇa
V
Viṣṇu
D
Devakī
D
Demigods (Devas)

FAQs

It teaches that the Lord is intrinsically nirguṇa—beyond material modes and change—yet the guṇas are spoken of in relation to Him only because the universe, where guṇas operate, rests upon Him as its ultimate shelter.

Because the Lord does not act under material necessity; His mere supremacy and will sustain the cosmos. The world’s functions proceed by His power, while He remains unchanged and transcendental.

It encourages seeing changing circumstances as dependent on a higher, steady foundation—cultivating devotion and inner stability by taking shelter of the unchanging Supreme rather than being ruled by the shifting modes of nature.