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Shloka 15

The Kātyāyanī-vrata, the Stealing of the Gopīs’ Garments, and Kṛṣṇa’s Teaching on Purified Desire

श्यामसुन्दर ते दास्य: करवाम तवोदितम् । देहि वासांसि धर्मज्ञ नो चेद् राज्ञे ब्रुवाम हे ॥ १५ ॥

śyāmasundara te dāsyaḥ karavāma tavoditam dehi vāsāṁsi dharma-jña no ced rājñe bruvāma he

O Syamasundara, we are Your maidservants and must do whatever You say. But give us back our clothing. You know what the religious principles are, and if You don’t give us our clothes we will have to tell the king. Please!

श्यामसुन्दरO dark-handsome one
श्यामसुन्दर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootश्याम (प्रातिपदिक) + सुन्दर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय समास: ‘श्यामः सुन्दरः’ (dark and handsome); पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन प्रथमा (Vocative), एकवचन
तेof you/your
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन
दास्यः(we are) maidservants
दास्यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदासी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन
करवामlet us two do / we two shall do
करवाम:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद; उत्तमपुरुष, द्विवचन (1st person dual)
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन
उदितम्what is said/commanded
उदितम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootउद्-इ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त past participle) ‘उदित’ used substantively; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
देहिgive
देहि:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
वासांसिgarments
वासांसि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवासस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन
धर्म-ज्ञO knower of dharma
धर्म-ज्ञ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: ‘धर्मं जानाति’ (knower of dharma); पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन प्रथमा, एकवचन
नःof us/our
नः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन
चेत्if
चेत्:
Hetu/Śarta-bodhaka (हेतु/शर्त)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; शर्तार्थक अव्यय (conditional particle: if)
राज्ञेto the king
राज्ञे:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन
ब्रुवामlet us two tell
ब्रुवाम:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद; उत्तमपुरुष, द्विवचन
हेO!
हे:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहे (अव्यय)
Formसम्बोधन-निपात (vocative particle)
K
Krishna (Śyāmasundara)
G
Gopīs
K
King (the local ruler of Vraja/Mathurā realm)

FAQs

In this verse the gopīs openly identify themselves as Krishna’s maidservants and agree to follow His instruction, showing wholehearted surrender even while requesting their clothes back.

Krishna had taken their garments during their Kātyāyanī-vrata bath; the gopīs, feeling shy, plead for their clothes and—half in protest, half in playful bargaining—say they will complain to the king if He does not return them.

It teaches sincere accountability and humility: accept guidance from the Divine, but also speak honestly and respectfully when boundaries, dignity, or dharma feel challenged.