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Shloka 21

Brahmā’s Bewilderment and Kṛṣṇa Becoming the Calves and Cowherd Boys

Brahma-vimohana-līlā

तत्तद्वत्सान्पृथङ्‌नीत्वा तत्तद्गोष्ठे निवेश्य स: । तत्तदात्माभवद् राजंस्तत्तत्सद्म प्रविष्टवान् ॥ २१ ॥

tat-tad-vatsān pṛthaṅ nītvā tat-tad-goṣṭhe niveśya saḥ tat-tad-ātmābhavad rājaṁs tat-tat-sadma praviṣṭavān

O King, Kṛṣṇa took each calf separately and placed it in its own cowshed; then, becoming each cowherd boy, He entered each of their homes.

tat-tat-vatsāneach of those calves
tat-tat-vatsān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottat + tat + vatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (plural); पुनरुक्त-तत्पुरुषः (each respective calf)
pṛthakseparately
pṛthak:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpṛthak (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya), क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
nītvāhaving led
nītvā:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√nī (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having led’
tat-tat-goṣṭhein each respective cowshed
tat-tat-goṣṭhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottat + tat + goṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (singular); पुनरुक्त-तत्पुरुषः (in each respective cowshed/enclosure)
niveśyahaving settled (them)
niveśya:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni√viś (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (gerund; irregular form in -ya), ‘having placed/settled’
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
tat-tat-ātmābecame that very one (in each case)
tat-tat-ātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottat + tat + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular); पुनरुक्त-तत्पुरुषः (that very self/form, in each case)
abhavatbecame
abhavat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/लङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद
rājanO King
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (singular)
tat-tat-sadmaeach respective home
tat-tat-sadma:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottat + tat + sadman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (singular); पुनरुक्त-तत्पुरुषः (each respective house/home)
praviṣṭavānentered
praviṣṭavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootpra√viś (धातु)
Formक्तवतु-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (perfective past participle in -vān), पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘having entered/entered’

Kṛṣṇa had many, many friends, of whom Śrīdāmā, Sudāmā and Subala were prominent. Thus Kṛṣṇa Himself became Śrīdāmā, Sudāmā and Subala and entered their respective houses with their respective calves.

K
Krishna
K
King Parikshit

FAQs

This verse describes Kṛṣṇa’s yogamāyā potency: He places each calf in its own stall and then becomes each calf’s very identity, entering each corresponding home—showing His inconceivable ability to manifest many forms without ceasing to be one Supreme Person.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī narrates the Vraja pastimes to King Parīkṣit; the address “O King” marks the direct instruction to the listener, emphasizing the wonder of Kṛṣṇa’s līlā within the Brahmā-vimohana episode.

Remembering that the Lord can be present in countless ways helps a devotee develop faith and dependence on Him—seeing divine care behind life’s many situations and cultivating steady bhakti rather than anxiety.