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Shloka 4

Nārada Instructs the Pracetās: Bhakti as the Goal of All Paths

तमागतं त उत्थाय प्रणिपत्याभिनन्द्य च । पूजयित्वा यथादेशं सुखासीनमथाब्रुवन् ॥ ४ ॥

tam āgataṁ ta utthāya praṇipatyābhinandya ca pūjayitvā yathādeśaṁ sukhāsīnam athābruvan

As soon as the Pracetās saw the great sage Nārada arrive, they rose at once from their āsanas. They offered obeisances, welcomed him, and worshiped him as prescribed; and when Nārada Muni was comfortably seated, they began to inquire from him.

tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
āgatamarrived
āgatam:
Karma (कर्म/Qualifying object)
TypeAdjective
Rootāgata (ā-√gam + क्त, कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
utthāyahaving stood up
utthāya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-√sthā (स्था/गत्यर्थे धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), ‘having risen’
praṇipatyahaving prostrated
praṇipatya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√nipat (निपत्/पतने धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), ‘having bowed down’
abhinandyahaving welcomed
abhinandya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√nand (नन्द्/हर्षे धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), ‘having welcomed’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
pūjayitvāhaving honored
pūjayitvā:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pūj (पूज्/पूजायाम् धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), ‘having worshipped/honored’
yathā-ādeśamas instructed
yathā-ādeśam:
Desha-kala (देश-काल/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय) + ādeśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समासः; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः (adverbial), ‘according to instruction’
sukha-āsīnamseated comfortably
sukha-āsīnam:
Karma (कर्म/Qualifying object)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक) + āsīna (√ās + क्त, कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (‘comfortably seated’)
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (discourse particle)
abruvanthey spoke
abruvan:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√brū (ब्रू/वचने धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन

It is significant that all the Pracetās were engaged in practicing yoga to concentrate their minds on the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

FAQs

This verse highlights dharmic etiquette: rise to receive the guest, offer obeisances, greet respectfully, honor them appropriately, seat them comfortably, and then speak.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī is narrating the events to King Parīkṣit, describing how the assembled persons received an honored visitor.

Practice humility and respect: welcome elders/teachers warmly, offer proper courtesy, ensure their comfort, and speak only after honoring them.