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Shloka 5

King Vena’s Tyranny, the Sages’ Counsel, and the Birth of Niṣāda

एवं मदान्ध उत्सिक्तो निरङ्कुश इव द्विप: । पर्यटन् रथमास्थाय कम्पयन्निव रोदसी ॥ ५ ॥

evaṁ madāndha utsikto niraṅkuśa iva dvipaḥ paryaṭan ratham āsthāya kampayann iva rodasī

Blinded by the intoxication of opulence, King Vena mounted his chariot and roamed the kingdom like an uncontrolled elephant, as if making heaven and earth tremble.

एवम्thus
एवम्:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारार्थक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner)
मद-अन्धःblinded by intoxication/pride
मद-अन्धः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (मदेन अन्धः)
उत्सिक्तःpuffed up, insolent
उत्सिक्तः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्सिक्त (कृदन्त; √सिच् (धातु) + उत् उपसर्ग, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त
निरङ्कुशःunrestrained, without a goad
निरङ्कुशः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरङ्कुश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; निः-उपसर्गयुक्त विशेषण
इवlike
इव:
सम्बन्ध/उपमान-सूचक (Comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा-वाचक (particle of comparison)
द्विपःan elephant
द्विपः:
उपमान (Upamāna/standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
पर्यटन्wandering about
पर्यटन्:
कर्तृ-क्रियाविशेषण (Concomitant action of subject)
TypeVerb
Root√अट् (धातु) परि उपसर्ग; शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (Present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; परस्मैपदी अर्थे
रथम्the chariot
रथम्:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
आस्थायhaving mounted
आस्थाय:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Root√स्था (धातु) आ उपसर्ग; ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formअव्यय-कृदन्त (Gerund/क्त्वान्त, ल्यप्), 'having mounted/ascended'
कम्पयन्shaking, causing to tremble
कम्पयन्:
कर्तृ-क्रियाविशेषण
TypeVerb
Root√कम्प् (धातु) णिच् (causative) → कम्पय; शतृ
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (Present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; णिजन्त (causative)
इवas if
इव:
उपमा-सूचक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा-वाचक
रोदसीthe two worlds (heaven and earth)
रोदसी:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootरोदसी (प्रातिपदिक; द्विवचनान्त-रूपम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (द्विवचन-प्रयोगः), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), द्विवचन (Dual); द्यावापृथिव्यौ (heaven and earth)
K
King Vena

FAQs

This verse portrays King Vena as pride-intoxicated and uncontrolled, implying that arrogance in leadership becomes destructive and destabilizing, like a goadless elephant.

Because, lacking restraint and guidance by dharma, he acted recklessly and dangerously—just as an elephant without a goad can trample everything.

Cultivate self-restraint and humility—especially when given authority—so that power does not become unchecked ego that harms others and disrupts peace.