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Shloka 30

King Vena’s Tyranny, the Sages’ Counsel, and the Birth of Niṣāda

इति तेऽसत्कृतास्तेन द्विजा: पण्डितमानिना । भग्नायां भव्ययाच्ञायां तस्मै विदुर चुक्रुधु: ॥ ३० ॥

iti te ’sat-kṛtās tena dvijāḥ paṇḍita-māninā bhagnāyāṁ bhavya-yācñāyāṁ tasmai vidura cukrudhuḥ

My dear Vidura, all good fortune unto you. The foolish King, who thought himself very learned, thus insulted the great sages, and the sages, being brokenhearted by the King’s words, became very angry at him.

इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्त्यर्थ/उद्धरणसूचक (quotative/thus)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'they'
असत्कृताःdishonored
असत्कृताः:
Karta-anvayi (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअसत् + कृत (कृ धातु; कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; नञ्/असत्-पूर्वक तत्पुरुष—'असत् कृताः' (disrespected)
तेनby him
तेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; 'by him'
द्विजाःbrāhmaṇas (twice-born)
द्विजाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
पण्डितमानिनाby the self-styled learned one
पण्डितमानिना:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपण्डित + मानिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष—'पण्डित इति मानिन्' (one who thinks himself learned)
भग्नायाम्when (it) was broken/denied
भग्नायाम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootभञ्ज् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle) 'भग्न'; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)
भव्ययाच्ञायाम्in the noble request (being denied)
भव्ययाच्ञायाम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभव्य + याच्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; कर्मधारय—'भव्या याच्ञा' (proper/auspicious request); सति-सप्तमी
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन
विदुरO Vidura
विदुर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
चुक्रुधुःbecame angry
चुक्रुधुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुध् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
V
Vidura
V
Vena
B
brāhmaṇas (dvijāḥ)

FAQs

This verse shows that when brāhmaṇas are dishonored and their rightful request is obstructed, it creates grave reaction—anger and corrective action—because such disrespect undermines dharma.

Because Vena, thinking himself very learned, dishonored them and frustrated their proper request, so they responded with anger in defense of dharma.

Avoid ego-based “I know better” attitudes; respect genuine wisdom and those dedicated to spiritual principles, and respond to guidance with humility rather than obstruction.