Shloka 17

एक एवेश्वरस्तस्मिन्सुरकार्ये सुरेश्वर: । विहर्तुकामस्तानाह समुद्रोन्मथनादिभि: ॥ १७ ॥

eka eveśvaras tasmin sura-kārye sureśvaraḥ vihartu-kāmas tān āha samudronmathanādibhiḥ

Although the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the Lord of the demigods, could perform their work by Himself, He desired to relish the pastime of churning the ocean. Therefore He spoke to them as follows.

एकःone
एकः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
एवalone / indeed
एव:
Nipāta (निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphasis)
ईश्वरःthe Lord
ईश्वरः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
सुर-कार्येin the affair of the gods
सुर-कार्ये:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर (प्रातिपदिक) + कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सुराणां कार्यम्)
सुर-ईश्वरःthe Lord of the gods
सुर-ईश्वरः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सुराणाम् ईश्वरः)
विहर्तु-कामःdesiring to sport (to act)
विहर्तु-कामः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-हृ (धातु) + तुमुन् (infinitive) + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (विहर्तुं कामः = desirous to play/act)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
आहsaid
आह:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootअह्/ब्रू (धातु; ‘आह’ as perfect of √अह्/√ब्रू usage)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
समुद्र-उन्मथन-आदिभिःby (means such as) churning the ocean, etc.
समुद्र-उन्मथन-आदिभिः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) + उन्मथन (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (समुद्रस्य उन्मथनम्) + ‘आदि’ (etc.)
Ī
Īśvara (Supreme Lord)
S
Suras (demigods)

FAQs

This verse states that the Supreme Lord alone is the real controller of the entire divine project, even though it appears to be carried out by the demigods.

To show that the devas’ success does not come merely from their own power or planning; the churning begins and proceeds because the Lord wills it for His līlā and the welfare of the cosmos.

Do your duty sincerely, but remember outcomes are ultimately governed by the Supreme—this cultivates humility, steadiness, and devotion during both success and difficulty.