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Shloka 38

Vāmanadeva Praises Bali; the Measure of Three Steps; Śukrācārya Warns Against the Gift

अत्रापि बह्वृचैर्गीतं श‍ृणु मेऽसुरसत्तम । सत्यमोमिति यत् प्रोक्तं यन्नेत्याहानृतं हि तत् ॥ ३८ ॥

atrāpi bahvṛcair gītaṁ śṛṇu me ’sura-sattama satyam om iti yat proktaṁ yan nety āhānṛtaṁ hi tat

O best of the asuras, hear the testimony sung in the Bahvṛca-śruti: a statement uttered with “Om” as its preface is deemed truthful, but what is spoken without “Om” is indeed untrue.

अत्रhere
अत्र:
अधिकरण (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: here)
अपिalso
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle: also/even)
बह्वृचैःby the Bahvṛcas (Ṛg-vedins)
बह्वृचैः:
करण (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबह्वृच (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
गीतम्sung/recited
गीतम्:
कर्म/प्रत्ययार्थ (Object/Predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootगीतम् < गी (धातु) (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) ‘गीत’, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; here as predicate ‘is sung’
शृणुhear/listen
शृणु:
आज्ञार्थ-क्रिया (Imperative action)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
मेof me / my
मे:
सम्बन्ध (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive) एकवचन; enclitic form
असुरसत्तमO best of the Asuras
असुरसत्तम:
सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (असुराणां सत्तमः)
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
विषय (Topic/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; here as topic ‘truth’
ओम्‘om’
ओम्:
उद्धरण (Quoted element)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootओम् (अव्यय/प्रणव)
Formप्रणव-निपात (sacred syllable; quoted particle)
इतिthus
इति:
उद्धरण (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative)
यत्which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध (Relative/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; relative pronoun
प्रोक्तम्is said/declared
प्रोक्तम्:
कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-उच् (धातु) (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘said/declared’
यत्which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध (Relative/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; relative pronoun
not
:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negation)
इतिthus
इति:
उद्धरण (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative)
आहsays/has said
आह:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootअह्/आह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अनृतम्falsehood
अनृतम्:
प्रत्ययार्थ/विधेय (Predicate/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन
हिindeed/for
हि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic/causal particle)
तत्that
तत्:
प्रत्ययार्थ/विधेय (Predicate/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun
B
Bali Mahārāja
B
Bahvṛca (Ṛg-vedic sages)

FAQs

This verse states that what is affirmed with “om” is regarded as truth, and what is denied with “no” is considered untruth—citing the testimony of the Ṛg-vedic seers (Bahvṛcas).

While narrating Bali Mahārāja’s vow and the moral tension around keeping one’s promise, Śukadeva supports the principle of satya (truthfulness) by invoking Vedic authority—highlighting that truthful affirmation is sacred and binding.

Treat your “yes” as a sacred commitment: speak carefully, promise only what you can honor, and align your words with integrity—because truthfulness is presented as a core dharmic standard.