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Shloka 2

Vāmanadeva Praises Bali; the Measure of Three Steps; Śukrācārya Warns Against the Gift

श्रीभगवानुवाच वचस्तवैतज्जनदेव सूनृतं कुलोचितं धर्मयुतं यशस्करम् । यस्य प्रमाणं भृगव: साम्पराये पितामह: कुलवृद्ध: प्रशान्त: ॥ २ ॥

śrī-bhagavān uvāca vacas tavaitaj jana-deva sūnṛtaṁ kulocitaṁ dharma-yutaṁ yaśas-karam yasya pramāṇaṁ bhṛgavaḥ sāmparāye pitāmahaḥ kula-vṛddhaḥ praśāntaḥ

The Supreme Lord said: O King, your words are truthful and gracious, befitting your dynasty, in harmony with dharma, and they increase your fame. Their witness is the brāhmaṇas descended from Bhṛgu, and your guide for the life to come is your grandfather, the serene elder of the line—Prahlāda Mahārāja.

śrī-bhagavānthe Blessed Lord
śrī-bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī-bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); compound: śrī + bhagavān (honorific + Lord)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
vacaḥspeech; statement
vacaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
tavaof you; your
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)
etatthis
etat:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun used adjectivally; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with vacaḥ
jana-devaO lord of people
jana-deva:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootjana-deva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: jana + deva (deva of people)
sūnṛtamtruthful; gentle
sūnṛtam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsūnṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with vacaḥ
kula-ucitambefitting the family
kula-ucitam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkula + ucita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: kula (family) + ucita (befitting)
dharma-yutamendowed with dharma
dharma-yutam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdharma + yuta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: dharma (righteousness) + yuta (endowed with)
yaśaḥ-karamfame-producing
yaśaḥ-karam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyaśas + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: yaśas (fame) + kara (making)
yasyawhose; of whom
yasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन); refers to jana-deva (you)
pramāṇamauthority; proof
pramāṇam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpramāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
bhṛgavaḥthe Bhṛgus
bhṛgavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbhṛgu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); patronymic/lineage term
sāmparāyein the hereafter; at the final time
sāmparāye:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootsāmparāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)
pitāmahaḥgrandfather; forefather
pitāmahaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpitāmaha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
kula-vṛddhaḥthe elder of the lineage
kula-vṛddhaḥ:
Visheshya (विशेष्य/Appositive)
TypeNoun
Rootkula + vṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: kula (family) + vṛddha (elder)
praśāntaḥpeaceful; tranquil
praśāntaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpraśānta (प्रातिपदिक; √śam-ppp)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP) from √śam (शम्) with pra-; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies pitāmahaḥ/kula-vṛddhaḥ

Prahlāda Mahārāja is a vivid example of a pure devotee. Someone might argue that since Prahlāda Mahārāja, even though very old, was attached to his family, and specifically to his grandson Bali Mahārāja, how could he be an ideal example? Therefore this verse uses the word praśāntaḥ. A devotee is always sober. He is never disturbed by any conditions. Even if a devotee remains in gṛhastha life and does not renounce material possessions, he should still be understood to be praśānta, sober, because of his pure devotion to the Lord. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu therefore said:

B
Bali Maharaja
P
Prahlada Maharaja
B
Bhṛgu (dynasty)

FAQs

This verse praises speech that is truthful, gentle, aligned with dharma, and fitting for a noble character—such words naturally bring lasting honor.

Because Prahlāda is the family’s revered elder and a recognized spiritual authority; the Lord points to him as the standard of conduct for Bali’s decision and reputation.

Speak in a way that is truthful, respectful, and principled—let your words reflect integrity and responsibility, not just convenience or impulse.