Mantra 4
Sukta 76
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
नैनं घ्नन्ति पर्यायिणो न सन्नाँ अव गच्छति । अग्नेर्यः क्षत्रियो विद्वान् नाम गृह्णात्यायुषे
IAST Transliteration
ná enaṃ ghnanti paryāyíṇo ná sannā́m áva gacchati | agnér yáḥ kṣatríyo vidvā́n nā́ma gṛhṇā́ty ā́yuṣe ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
The roaming assailants smite him not, nor goeth he down to sinking: the Kṣatriya, knowing, who for life layeth hold on Agni’s name.
Word by Word
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
एनम्him/it (this one)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (एतद्-प्रातिपदिक) → एनद्/एनम्
घ्नन्तिthey strike/kill
घ्नन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (घ्ना-आदेश)
पर्यायिणःthose who go around/assailants
पर्यायिणः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर्यायिन् (प्रातिपदिक; परि+आयिन् ‘going around/attacking in turn’)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
सन्नाम्of the good/virtuous (people)
सन्नाम्:
—
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत्/सन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अवdown, away; (with verb) off
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb) / particle
Rootअव
गच्छतिgoes; falls away
गच्छति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
अग्नेःof Agni
अग्नेः:
Apādāna (source/association) / सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद्
क्षत्रियःa Kṣatriya
क्षत्रियः:
Kartā (apposition to यः)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
विद्वान्knowing, learned
विद्वान्:
Kartā (qualifier of यः/क्षत्रियः)
TypeAdjective (participial)
Rootविद्वस् (कृदन्त; √विद् ‘to know’)
नामname
नाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
गृह्णातिtakes, grasps, utters/receives
गृह्णाति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
आयुषेfor life/long life
आयुषे:
Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (unspecified in input)
Devata: Agni (as protective Name-power)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; requires verification)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From threat (assailants, sinking) to confident steadiness via the grasped Name.","listener_experience":"Courage, uprightness, and a sense of being armored by invocation.","intensity":7}