Mantra 1

Sukta 50

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अभययाचना। हतं तर्दं समङ्कमाखुमश्विना छिन्तं शिरो अपि पृष्टीः शृणीतम्। यवान्नेददानपि नह्यतं मुखमथाभयं कृणुतं धान्याऽय

IAST Transliteration

hatáṃ tardáṃ samaṅkám ākhúm aśvínā chintáṃ śíro ápi pṛṣṭī́ḥ śṛṇītam | yavā́n néd adāná ápi nahyatáṃ múkham áthā́bhayaṃ kṛṇutaṃ dhā́nyāya

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Slay the Tarda, the burrower, the rat, O Aśvins; cut off the head, and shatter also the back. Let him not so much as eat the barley; bind fast his mouth: then make ye safety for our grain.

Word by Word

• हतम्: slain / struck down
• हतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• तर्दम्: the ‘tarda’ (a harmful creature/affliction; pest)
• तर्दम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तर्द (प्रातिपदिक; ‘तर्द’ = भेदक/पीडक, also ‘तर्द’ as a kind of pest/affliction in AV usage)

• समङ्कम्: spotted / marked
• समङ्कम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समङ्क (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सम्-अङ्क’ = with a mark/spot; in AV often of vermin/creatures)

• आखुम्: rat / mouse
• आखुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आखु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्विना: O Aśvins (Divine Twins)
• अश्विना: (Sambodhana)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक; द्विवचन-देवता)

• छिन्तम्: cut (you two)!
• छिन्तम्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: छिद् (धातु) → छिन्तम् (लोट्)

• शिरः: the head
• शिरः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपि: also; moreover
• अपि: (सम्बन्ध/उपपद)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)

• पृष्टीः: the backs / ridges (of the body)
• पृष्टीः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृष्ठि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘back/ridge’, here plural)

• शृणीतम्: break/crush (you two)!
• शृणीतम्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शृ (धातु ‘to break/crush/cut’) → शृणीतम् (लोट्)

• यवान्: barley-grains
• यवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not
• न: (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• इद: indeed; just
• इद: (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद्/इदम् (अव्ययात्मक निपात; Vedic particle)

• ददान: giving / while giving
• ददान: Kartā (of implied action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) → ददान (शतृ-प्रत्यय, वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अपि: even
• अपि: (सम्बन्ध/उपपद)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)

• नह्यतम्: bind (you two)!
• नह्यतम्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नह् (धातु ‘to bind’) → नह्यतम् (लोट्)

• मुखम्: the mouth
• मुखम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख (प्रातिपदिक)

• अथ: then; now
• अथ: (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)

• अभयम्: fearlessness; safety
• अभयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभय (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृणुतम्: make (you two)!
• कृणुतम्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृणुतम् (लोट्)

• धान्याय: for the grain / for the crop
• धान्याय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: धान्य (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (rṣi not specified in the provided excerpt)

Devata: Aśvinau (the Aśvins)

Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh (imperative-rich, compact; requires full pada-count confirmation)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"From threat-identification to decisive striking and finally to calm safety (abhaya).","listener_experience":"Empowerment and control over an unseen household menace; relief through a pronounced ‘closing’ action.","intensity":7}