Mantra 3
Sukta 37
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यो नः शपादशपतः शपतो यश्च नः शपात्। शुने पेष्ट्रमिवावक्षामं तं प्रत्यस्यामि मृत्यवे
IAST Transliteration
yó naḥ śapā́d áśapataḥ śápato yáś ca naḥ śápāt | śúne péṣṭram ivā́vakṣāmáṃ táṃ práty asyāmi mṛtyáve
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Whoso, though himself uncursed, doth curse us, and whosoever curseth us—I cast that man back unto Death, as one flings to a dog a morsel of crushed refuse.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / य- (relative pronoun stem)
नःof us / our
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शपात्from a curse
शपात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootशप् (धातु) → शप (कृदन्त/भाववाचक-प्रातिपदिक) / शप (noun: curse)
अशपतःof one who does not curse
अशपतः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअ-शप (प्रातिपदिक: ‘not cursing’)
शपतःof one who curses
शपतः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective/Participle (used substantively)
Rootशप् (धातु) → शपत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त, शतृ)
शपतःof one who curses
शपतः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective/Participle (used substantively)
Rootशप् (धातु) → शपत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त, शतृ)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / य- (relative pronoun stem)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
नःof us / our
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शपात्from a curse
शपात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootशप् (धातु) → शप (noun: curse)
शुनेto the dog
शुने:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
पेष्ट्रम्a strainer/sieve (as an object of comparison)
पेष्ट्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपेष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sieve/strainer’, also ‘something to be crushed/ground’ in charm-context)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
अवक्षामम्the cast-off/removed (evil)
अवक्षामम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (kṛdanta-based)
Rootअव-क्षम् (धातु) → अवक्षाम (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; ‘that which is thrown down/removed’), here as object
तम्him / that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रतिback, against
प्रति:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अस्यामिI cast/throw (it) back
अस्यामि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु; ‘to throw/cast’ in Vedic usage) + प्रति
मृत्यवेto Death (as recipient)
मृत्यवे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition
Devata: Mṛtyu (Death) as recipient; Śapatha as the manipulated force
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (likely)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"bibhatsa","emotional_arc":"From identification of the offender to disgust-driven expulsion and final severance.","listener_experience":"A hard ‘cut-off’ feeling; relief through decisive exclusion.","intensity":9}