Mantra 2
Sukta 28
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
परीमे३ग्निमर्षत परीमे गामनेषत । देवेष्वक्रत श्रवः क इमाँ आ दधर्षति
IAST Transliteration
pári ime agním arṣata pári ime gā́m aneṣata | devéṣv akrata śrávaḥ ká imā́n ā́ dadharṣati ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Round about have these streamed about Agni; round about have these led the Cow. Among the Gods have they established glory: who is he that shall dare to assail these here?
Word by Word
परिaround, all around
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग) / परि (अव्यय)
इमेthese (ones)
इमे:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
अग्निम्Agni; fire
अग्निम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्षतthey rushed/moved
अर्षत:
—
TypeVerb
Rootऋष् (गत्यर्थः) / अर्ष् (गमन/वेग)
परिaround
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग) / परि (अव्यय)
इमेthese (ones)
इमे:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
गाम्cow
गाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
अनेषतthey led/drove
अनेषत:
—
TypeVerb
Rootनी (नयने) + उपसर्ग अनु- (अनुनी/अनेष्-)
देवेषुamong the gods
देवेषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अक्रतthey made/produced
अक्रत:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करणे)
श्रवःfame, renown
श्रवः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
कःwho?
कः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootक (प्रश्नसर्वनाम)
इमान्these (persons/things)
इमान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
आtowards, up to; completely
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
दधर्षतिdares to assail/overcome
दधर्षति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootधृष् (धर्षणे/साहसे) + उपसर्ग आ- (आधृष्)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition
Devata: Agni; also the Gods collectively as guarantors of śravas
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (approx.; AV often allows slight irregularity)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From ritual circling to triumphant deterrence—‘who would dare?’","listener_experience":"Strength, assurance, and a subtle wonder at divine-backed protection.","intensity":6}