Mantra 5
Sukta 21
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यथा वृकादजावयो धावन्ति बहु बिभ्यतीः । एवा त्वं दुन्दुभेऽमित्रानभि क्रन्द प्र त्रासयाथो चित्तानि मोहय
IAST Transliteration
yáthā vŕkād ajāváyo dhā́vanti bahú bíbhyatīḥ | evā́ tvaṃ dundubhe ’mitrā́n abhí kranda prá trāsayā́tho cittā́ni mohaya
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
As goats and sheep run far in terror from the wolf, so thou, O Drum—roar against the enemies; drive them forth in fear, and moreover bewilder their minds.
Word by Word
यथाjust as
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (avyaya-prātipadika)
वृकात्from the wolf
वृकात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootवृक (prātipadika)
अजावयःgoats and sheep
अजावयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअजा + अवि (prātipadika; dvandva-samāsa)
धावन्तिrun
धावन्ति:
Kriyā (of kartā अजावयः)
TypeVerb
Rootधाव् (धातु)
बहुmuch, greatly
बहु:
—
TypeAdjective/Adverb
Rootबहु (prātipadika)
बिभ्यतीःfearing
बिभ्यतीः:
Kartā (qualifier of अजावयः)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootभी (धातु)
एवso, just so
एव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (avyaya)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
दुन्दुभेO drum
दुन्दुभे:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootदुन्दुभि (prātipadika)
अमित्रान्enemies
अमित्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र (prātipadika)
अभिtowards, against
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootअभि (avyaya/upasarga)
क्रन्दcry out, resound
क्रन्द:
Kriyā (imperative to tvam)
TypeVerb
Rootक्रन्द् (धातु)
प्रforth, strongly
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र (avyaya/upasarga)
त्रासयfrighten, cause to tremble
त्रासय:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootत्रस्/त्रास् (धातु; causative base त्रासय-)
अथोand also
अथो:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथो (avyaya = अथ + उ)
चित्तानिminds, thoughts
चित्तानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचित्त (prātipadika)
मोहयbewilder, delude
मोहय:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootमुह् (धातु; causative base मोहय-)
Attribution
Rishi: As per AV anukramaṇī for this sukta
Devata: Dundubhi; operational powers Trāsa and Moha
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"bhayankara","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Predator fear-image → aggressive sonic command → imagined rout.","listener_experience":"A sharp, adrenal sense of dominance and warding.","intensity":9}