Mantra 3

Sukta 63

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

प्रत्यञ्चमर्कमनयं छचीभिरादित् स्वधामिषिरां पर्यपश्यन्। अया वाजं देवहितं सनेम मदेम शतहिमाः सुवीराः

IAST Transliteration

pratyáñcam arkám anayaṁ chacī́bhir ā́ ádit svadhā́m iṣirā́m páry apaśyan | ayā́ vā́jaṁ deváhitaṁ sanema mádem śatáhimāḥ suvī́rāḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Backward he led the radiant Ray with Chacī’s cunning arts; then gave he his own proper might, swift-moving, and they looked it round about. By this may we win the Prize that Gods have set, and may we joy, a hundred winters old, with noble sons and heroes.

Word by Word

• प्रत्यञ्चम्: turned back/turned towards (him), facing (back)
• प्रत्यञ्चम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रत्यञ्च (प्रातिपदिक) < प्रति + अञ्च्

• अर्कम्: sun; ray; hymn of praise
• अर्कम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्क (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनयम्: (he) led/brought
• अनयम्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी (धातु) < अ + नी

• छचीभिः: with (his) powers/skills; with mighty means
• छचीभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: छची (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards; unto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• अदित्: (he) ate; consumed
• अदित्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अद् (धातु)

• स्वधाम्: own power/strength; (also) svadhā-offering
• स्वधाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधा (प्रातिपदिक)

• इषिराम्: strong, vigorous, impetuous
• इषिराम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इषिरा (प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around; all about
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अपश्यन्: (he) saw; beheld
• अपश्यन्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) < अप + दृश्

• अया: by this (means); with this
• अया: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम) — अयम्/इयम्/इदम्

• वाजम्: prize; strength; (winning) food
• वाजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवहितम्: placed/ordained by the gods; god-bestowed
• देवहितम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देवहित (प्रातिपदिक) < देव + हित (कृदन्त)

• सनेम: may I win/obtain
• सनेम: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: सन्/सन् (धातु) ‘to win, obtain’

• मदेम: may we rejoice
• मदेम: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु) ‘to rejoice, be exhilarated’

• शतहिमाः: enduring a hundred winters; very long-lived
• शतहिमाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शतहिम (प्रातिपदिक) < शत + हिम

• सुवीराः: having good heroes/sons; possessing brave men
• सुवीराः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुवीर (प्रातिपदिक) < सु + वीर

Attribution

Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (Indra hymn material); in AV 20 typically attributed per RV Anukramaṇī to the corresponding RV seer.

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (by RV-style cadence; AV 20 follows RV meters)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From dramatic reversal of a radiant force to confident petition for victory and long flourishing.","listener_experience":"A sense of strategic turnaround and empowered forward motion; hope for long life and strong heirs.","intensity":8}