Mantra 1

Sukta 138

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

महाँ इन्द्रो य ओजसा पर्जन्यो वृष्टिमाँ इव । स्तोमैर्वत्सस्य वावृधे

IAST Transliteration

mahā́n índro yá ójasā parjányo vṛṣṭimā́n iva | stómair vatsásya vāvṛdhe

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Great is Indra, who in might is like Parjanya rich in rain: by praises he hath waxed, as doth the calf.

Word by Word

• महान्: great
• महान्: विशेषण (कर्तृ-पदस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ (य-सम्बन्धी उपवाक्ये)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ओजसा: by/with strength
• ओजसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पर्जन्यः: Parjanya (rain-god)
• पर्जन्यः: कर्तृ (उपमान-रूपेण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्जन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृष्टिमान्: possessing rain; rain-laden
• वृष्टिमान्: विशेषण (पर्जन्यस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृष्टि + मतुप् → वृष्टिमत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: उपमान-निर्देशक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• स्तोमैः: with praises/hymns
• स्तोमैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• वत्सस्य: of the calf
• वत्सस्य: सम्बन्ध (यस्य वावृधे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्स (प्रातिपदिक)

• वावृधे: has grown; has increased
• वावृधे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु) — परस्मैपद; लिट् (परिप्रयोगे परोक्ष/परिणामार्थ)

Attribution

Rishi: RV-derived; likely Kāṇva lineage for parts of this cluster (see 20.138.3); exact r̥ṣi for 20.138.1 requires anukramaṇī confirmation.

Devata: Indra (with Parjanya as simile)

Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh/Triṣṭubh depending on RV original; requires scan.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Awe at greatness → trust in nourishing power → quiet confidence in increase.","listener_experience":"Uplift and reassurance; sense of being supported by a mighty yet accessible benefactor.","intensity":5}