Mantra 4
Sukta 128
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यश्च पणि रघुजिष्ठ्यो यश्च देवां अदाशुरिः । धीराणां शश्वतामहं तदपागिति शुश्रुम
IAST Transliteration
yáś ca paṇí raghújiṣṭhyo yáś ca devā́n ádāśur íḥ | dhīrā́ṇāṁ śáśvatām aháṁ tád apā́k íti śuśruma ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Both he who is Paṇi, swiftest to seize, and he who to the Gods gives no oblation—of the wise, the everlasting, have I heard this: ‘that man is cast away.’
Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
पणिःthe Paṇi (miser/merchant-demon)
पणिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपणि (प्रातिपदिक)
रघुजिष्ठ्यःmost swift-victorious / very quick-conquering
रघुजिष्ठ्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootरघुजिष्ठ्य (प्रातिपदिक; विशेषण)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अदाशुः(they) have given / bestowed
अदाशुः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने) धातु
इःthis one / he
इः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootइ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एष/अयम्-सम्बद्धः)
धीराणाम्of the wise
धीराणाम्:
—
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootधीरा (प्रातिपदिक)
शश्वताम्everlasting / continual
शश्वताम्:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootशश्वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अपागिति‘went away/has gone away’, thus
अपागिति:
—
TypeVerb + Quotative
Rootअप + आ + गम् (गत्यर्थे) धातु; इति (निपात)
शुश्रुमwe have heard
शुश्रुम:
—
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (श्रवणे) धातु
Attribution
Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (AV 20 supplement); specific ṛṣi uncertain here.
Devata: Devas collectively (explicit).
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (approx.)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"bhayankara","emotional_arc":"From identification of offenders → authoritative confirmation → final banishment formula (‘apāk’).","listener_experience":"A stern communal warning; induces moral fear and conformity.","intensity":7}