Mantra 2

Sukta 122

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

आ घ त्वावान् त्मनाप्त स्तोतृभ्यो धृष्णवियानः । ऋणोरक्षं न चक्र्योः

IAST Transliteration

ā́ gha tvā́vān tmanā́pta stotṛ́bhyo dhṛṣṇaviyā́naḥ | ṛṇórakṣáṃ na cakryóḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Hither, yea, as one self-won and self-possessed, thou rushest boldly forth for the praisers: thou hast unbarred the warding bar, as one frees the chariot’s wheels.

Word by Word

• आ: towards; forth (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• घ: indeed; surely
• घ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: घ (निपात)

• त्वा: you (as object)
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Noun/Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अवान्: protecting; helping
• अवान्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अव (धातु) → अवत्/अवान् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, ‘रक्षक/सहायक’)

• त्वम्: you (subject)
• त्वम्: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अनाप्तः: not reached/attained; unapproached
• अनाप्तः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आप् (धातु) → आप्त (कृदन्त) ; न-आप्त = अनाप्त

• स्तोतृभ्यः: to/for the praisers (singers)
• स्तोतृभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोतृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• धृष्णवियानः: boldly advancing; rushing forth
• धृष्णवियानः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: धृष् (धातु) + वि + या (धातु) → वियान (कृदन्त, ‘going forth’), धृष्ण- (विशेषण ‘bold’)

• ऋणोः: you reached; you came to
• ऋणोः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ऋ (धातु ‘गच्छति/प्राप्नोति’) → ऋणोति

• अक्षम्: axle; wheel-axis
• अक्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like; as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• चक्र्योः: of/in the two wheels
• चक्र्योः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्रि (प्रातिपदिक, ‘wheel’) / चक्र (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: RV tradition: commonly attributed within Indra-hymn cycles (Angiras/Bharadvāja lineages vary by RV locus); in AV 20 the rishi follows the RV assignment of the source hymn.

Devata: Indra (Śatakratu by contextual linkage in the surrounding verses of the hymn).

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (RV-style; AV 20 preserves RV meters).

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From blocked condition → surge of power → release and movement.","listener_experience":"A felt ‘unlocking’ and readiness to act.","intensity":7}