Mantra 1
Sukta 116
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
मा भूम निष्ट्या इवेन्द्र त्वदरणा इव । वनानि न प्रजहितान्यद्रिवो दुरोषासो अमन्महि
IAST Transliteration
mā́ bhūma niṣṭyā̀ iva índra tvád araṇā́ iva | vánāni ná prajahítāny adrivo duróṣāso amánmahi
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Let us not be as homeless men, O Indra, as helpless ones apart from thee; not as forests left forsaken—O stone-bearer—we deem ourselves ill-housed.
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / mā́
भू॒म्be (you)!
भू॒म्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
निष्ट्या॑as (by) destruction/ruin
निष्ट्या॑:
Karaṇa (उपमान-तृतीया) / Adverbial
TypeNoun
Rootनिष्ट्या (प्रातिपदिक) < नि-√स्था/स्था? (वेद. ‘निष्ट्या’ = नाश/विनाश/क्षय)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वत्from you
त्वत्:
Apādāna
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अरणाas (by) estrangement/being far
अरणा:
Karaṇa (उपमान-तृतीया) / Adverbial
TypeAdjective
Rootअरणा (प्रातिपदिक) < अरण (वेद. ‘अरण’ = दूर/पराङ्मुख/असहाय?)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
वना॑निforests/woods
वना॑नि:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
प्रforth, away (prefix)
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र
जहिleave, abandon
जहि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
तानिthose (things)
तानि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अद्रिवःO wielder of the stone/bolt (Indra)
अद्रिवः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootअद्रिवस् (प्रातिपदिक) < अद्रि + वस्
दुरोषासः(we) helpless/ill-protected ones
दुरोषासः:
Kartā (of ‘अमन्महि’)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदुरोषस् (प्रातिपदिक) < दुर् + ओषस्/ओषा (वेद. ‘ओषस्/ओषा’ = सहायता/आश्रय/रक्षा?)
अमन्महिwe thought/considered
अमन्महि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु)
Attribution
Rishi: RV-derived communal voice
Devata: Indra (Adrivat)
Chandas: RV praise-meter; requires verification against RV original.
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"bhayankara","emotional_arc":"From fear of abandonment to calm assurance of protection.","listener_experience":"Grounding, relief, a sense of being held by a stronger order.","intensity":5}