Mantra 9

Sukta 91

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

तं वर्धयन्तो मतिभिः शिवाभिः सिंहमिव नानदतं सधस्थे । बृहस्पतिं वृषणं शूरसातौ भरेभरे अनु मदेम जिष्णुम्

IAST Transliteration

táṃ vardháyanto matíbhiḥ śivā́bhiḥ siṃhám iva nā́nadatam sadhásthe | bṛ́haspátiṃ vṛ́ṣaṇaṃ śū́ra-sātau bháre-bhare ánu madema jiṣṇúm

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Him we strengthen with auspicious thoughts—him roaring like a lion in the common seat. Bṛhaspati, the bull, the victor in the winning of heroes—after him may we exult in every battle-burden, the conquering one.

Word by Word

• तम्: him / that one
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्धयन्तः: increasing / exalting
• वर्धयन्तः: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: वृध् (धातु)

• मतिभिः: with thoughts / hymns / devotions
• मतिभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मति (स्त्री-प्रातिपदिक)

• शिवाभिः: with auspicious (ones) / благоприятными
• शिवाभिः: करण
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: शिवा (स्त्री-प्रातिपदिक; ‘शिव’ विशेषणस्य स्त्री)

• सिंहम्: a lion
• सिंहम्: कर्म (उपमान-रूपेण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह (पुं-प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• नानदतम्: having roared / roaring
• नानदतम्: कर्म (तम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: नद् (धातु)

• सधस्थे: in the common seat / in the assembly-place
• सधस्थे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सधस्थ (नपुं-प्रातिपदिक)

• बृहस्पतिम्: Bṛhaspati
• बृहस्पतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: बृहस्पति (पुं-प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषणम्: the strong / virile / mighty
• वृषणम्: कर्म (बृहस्पतिम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृषण (पुं-प्रातिपदिक)

• शूरसातौ: in the winning of heroes / in heroic contest
• शूरसातौ: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूरसाति (स्त्री-प्रातिपदिक)

• भरेभरे: in every battle / at each encounter
• भरेभरे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun (reduplicated idiom)
• Root: भर (पुं-प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु: after, along; in accordance
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/adverb)
• Root: अनु

• मदेम: may we rejoice / may we exult
• मदेम: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु)

• जिष्णुम्: the victorious / conquering
• जिष्णुम्: कर्म (बृहस्पतिम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जिष्णु (पुं-प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Bṛhaspati (RV-derived attribution)

Devata: Bṛhaspati

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From deliberate strengthening (calm resolve) to roaring assertion and confident exultation in repeated trials.","listener_experience":"A surge of courage and public steadiness; sense of being backed by a wise, forceful counselor.","intensity":7}