Mantra 3
Sukta 7
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
सन इन्द्रः शिवः सखाश्वावद् गोमद् यवमत्। उरुधारेव दोहते
IAST Transliteration
sánaḥ índraḥ śiváḥ sákhāśvāvád gómad yávamat | urúdhāreva dohate ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
For us may Indra—kindly Friend—yield wealth of steeds, of cattle, and of barley, as one that milketh like a broad-flowing stream.
Word by Word
सनever, always
सन:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसन (avyaya; from √सन्/सन् ‘to gain, obtain’ > particle ‘always/ever’)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
शिवःauspicious, gracious
शिवः:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशिव (प्रातिपदिक)
सखाfriend
सखा:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक; stem सखि-, nom. sg. सखा)
अश्वावत्having horses
अश्वावत्:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअश्वावत् (प्रातिपदिक; अश्व + वत् ‘possessing horses’)
गोमत्having cattle
गोमत्:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootगोमत् (प्रातिपदिक; गो + मत् ‘possessing cows’)
यवमत्having barley
यवमत्:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयवमत् (प्रातिपदिक; यव + मत् ‘possessing barley’)
उरुधारेवlike a broad stream
उरुधारेव:
Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृभावः; क्रियायाः प्रकारनिर्देशः)
TypeNoun + Indeclinable (simile compound in pada)
Rootउरुधारा (प्रातिपदिक; उरु ‘wide’ + धारा ‘stream’) + इव (उपमा-अव्यय)
दोहतेmilks, yields (abundantly)
दोहते:
(मुख्यक्रिया) — कर्ता: इन्द्रः (पूर्वोक्तः)
TypeVerb
Root√दुह् (दुहँ प्रपूरणे/दोहने ‘to milk’)
Attribution
Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance; attributed per the corresponding RV hymn’s seer in traditional indices.
Devata: Indra (as śiva-sakhā, beneficent ally)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From petition to felt abundance and calm assurance.","listener_experience":"Warmth, trust, contentment; sense of being supported.","intensity":4}