Mantra 2
Sukta 7
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
नव यो नवतिं पुरो बिभेद बाह्वोजसा । अहिं च वृत्रहावधीत्
IAST Transliteration
náva yó navatíṃ púro bibhéda bā́hvojásā | áhíṃ ca vṛtrahā́vadhīt ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
He who with arm-born might hath shattered nine-and-ninety fortresses, and the Serpent too the Vṛtra-slayer hath smitten down.
Word by Word
नवnine
नव:
विशेषणम् (कर्मपदस्य)
TypeAdjective (Numeral)
Rootनव (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नवतिम्ninety
नवतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Numeral)
Rootनवति (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
पुरःfortresses; strongholds
पुरः:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adverbial (here object-like)
Rootपुरस् (अव्यय/नाम-प्रातिपदिक; ‘पुरः’ इति निपातवत्)
बिभेदhe split; he broke
बिभेद:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootभिद् (छेदने)
बाह्वाwith (his) arm
बाह्वा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
ओजसाwith strength; by might
ओजसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अहिम्the serpent (Ahi)
अहिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअहि (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
वृत्रहाVṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहा:
Kartā (सम्बन्धे ‘यः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वृत्र’ + ‘हन्’)
अवधीत्he slew; he struck down
अवधीत्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootवध् (हिंसायाम्)
Attribution
Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance; attributed per the corresponding RV hymn’s seer in traditional indices.
Devata: Indra (Vṛtrahan)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"From siege imagery to decisive demolition and slaying.","listener_experience":"Surge of strength; willingness to confront; reduced helplessness.","intensity":8}