Mantra 12
Sukta 4
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
य आर्षेयेभ्यो याचद्भ्यो देवानां गां न दित्सति । आ स देवेषु वृश्चते ब्राह्मणानां च मन्यवे
IAST Transliteration
yá ā̀rṣeyébhyo yā́cadbhyo devā́nāṃ gā́ṃ ná ditsati | ā́ sá devéṣu vṛścate brāhmaṇā́nāṃ ca mányave ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Whoso, when the Ārṣeyas ask, will not bestow the cow that is the Gods’, he is cut off among the Gods, and (is delivered) to the Brahmans’ wrath.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
आर्षेयेभ्यःto the ṛṣi-descended seers / to the Ārṣeyas
आर्षेयेभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootआर्षेय (prātipadika)
याचद्भ्यःto those who are asking/begging
याचद्भ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeParticiple (present active)
Rootयाच् (dhātu) → याचत् (śatṛ-kṛdanta)
देवानाम्of the gods
देवानाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (prātipadika)
गाम्a cow
गाम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootगो (prātipadika)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable (negation)
Rootन (avyaya)
दित्सतिwishes/intends to give
दित्सति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootदा (dhātu) → दित्स (desiderative stem)
आtowards; into; (intensifier)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/particle)
Rootआ (upasarga/avyaya)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
देवेषुamong/in the gods
देवेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (prātipadika)
वृश्चतेis cut off / is severed
वृश्चते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवृश्च् (dhātu)
ब्राह्मणानाम्of the brāhmaṇas
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (prātipadika)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable (conjunction)
Rootच (avyaya)
मन्यवेto (their) wrath/indignation
मन्यवे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootमन्यु (prātipadika)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (anukramaṇī-dependent)
Devata: Devas (as owners/guarantors of order) and Brahmanical Manyu (wrath) as sanction
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"bhayankara","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"From conditional warning to stark consequence (cut off; given to wrath).","listener_experience":"Sobering fear leading to compliance and repair of obligation.","intensity":7}