Mantra 23

Sukta 5

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

देवानामेतत् परिषूतमनभ्यारूढं चरति रोचमानम्। तस्माज्जातं ब्राह्मणं ब्रह्म ज्येष्ठं देवाश्च सर्वे अमतेन साकम्

IAST Transliteration

devā́nām etát pariṣūtám anabhyārū́ḍhaṃ carati rócamānam | tásmāj jātáṃ brā́hmaṇaṃ bráhma jyéṣṭhaṃ devā́ś ca sárve amátena sā́kam

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

This, of the Gods, strained-pure, unmounted-on, goes radiant in its course. From it is born the Brāhmaṇa—Brahman the chief; and all the Gods together with immortality.

Word by Word

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: कर्म (object) / विषय (as ‘this’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परिषूतम्: pressed/impelled all around; encompassed
• परिषूतम्: विशेषण (qualifier of एतत्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: परि-√सू (धातु; ‘to press/impel/drive around’) → परिषूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• अनभ्यारूढम्: not mounted upon; unascended
• अनभ्यारूढम्: विशेषण (qualifier of एतत्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: अन्-अभि-आ-√रुह् (धातु ‘to mount/ascend’) → अनभ्यारूढ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• चरति: moves; goes about
• चरति: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (धातु)

• रोचमानम्: shining; radiant
• रोचमानम्: विशेषण (qualifier of the moving entity = एतत्)
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: √रुच् (धातु ‘to shine/appear pleasing’) → रोचमान (शतृ/वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• तस्मात्: from that
• तस्मात्: अपादान (source/‘from that’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• जातम्: born; produced
• जातम्: विशेषण (qualifier; ‘born’) / predicate to ब्राह्मणम्
• Type: Participle
• Root: √जन् (धातु ‘to be born’) → जात (PPP)

• ब्राह्मणम्: the Brahmin; the priestly principle/person
• ब्राह्मणम्: कर्म/विषय (that which is produced/mentioned)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्म: sacred power; brahman
• ब्रह्म: समानााधिकरण/विशेष्य (apposition to ब्राह्मणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ज्येष्ठम्: eldest; foremost
• ज्येष्ठम्: विशेषण (of ब्रह्म/ब्राह्मणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ (co-subject, with सर्वे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifier of देवाः)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमतेन: with immortality; by deathlessness
• अमतेन: करण (instrument/means: ‘with/by immortality’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘immortality’/‘deathlessness’)

• साकम्: together; in company
• साकम्: सह (association; ‘together’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साकम् (अव्यय)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (anukramaṇī-dependent)

Devata: Brahman / Brāhmaṇa / Prajāpati-derived radiance

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence possible; AV often mixes (to be confirmed by pada-count in critical edition)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Wonder at the self-moving radiance, culminating in serene assurance of brahman’s primacy and protection.","listener_experience":"Uplift, dignity, boundary-strength, reverence.","intensity":6}