Mantra 24
Sukta 10
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
ये रथिनो ये अरथा असादा ये च सादिनः । सर्वानदन्तु तान् हतान् गृध्राः श्येनाः पतत्रिणः
IAST Transliteration
yé rathíno yé arathā́ asā́dā yé ca sādínaḥ | sárvān adantu tā́n hatā́n gṛ́dhrāḥ śyénāḥ patatríṇaḥ ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Whether chariot-warriors, or chariotless, unmounted, or mounted—let vultures, hawks, the winged tribes, devour them all, when slain.
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (अन्वयः—ये … तान्)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
रथिनःcharioteers; those having chariots
रथिनः:
कर्तृ (ये रथिनः)
TypeNoun (agentive) / Adjective
Rootरथिन् (प्रातिपदिक; रथ + इन्)
येwho
ये:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अरथाःwithout chariots; chariotless
अरथाः:
कर्तृ (ये अरथाः)
TypeNoun / Adjective
Rootअ-रथ (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-समास/उपसर्गीय नकार)
असादाःwithout seats; not seated (seatless)
असादाः:
कर्तृ (ये असादाः)
TypeNoun / Adjective
Rootअ-साद (प्रातिपदिक; नञ् + साद ‘sitting/seat’)
येwho
ये:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सादिनःsitters; those who sit/are seated
सादिनः:
कर्तृ (ये … सादिनः)
TypeNoun (agentive) / Adjective
Rootसादिन् (प्रातिपदिक; √सद् ‘to sit’ + इन्)
सर्वान्all (of them)
सर्वान्:
कर्म (अदन्तु—whom?)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अदन्तुlet (them) eat/devour
अदन्तु:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अद् (भक्षणे)
तान्those
तान्:
कर्म (अदन्तु—तान्)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हतान्slain; killed
हतान्:
कर्म-विशेषणम्
TypeParticiple (past passive) / Adjective
Root√हन् (हिंसायाम्) → हत (क्त-प्रत्यय; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त)
गृध्राःvultures
गृध्राः:
कर्तृ (अदन्तु—who should devour)
TypeNoun
Rootगृध्र (प्रातिपदिक)
श्येनाःhawks; eagles
श्येनाः:
कर्तृ (समुच्चितः)
TypeNoun
Rootश्येन (प्रातिपदिक)
पतत्रिणःwinged ones; birds
पतत्रिणः:
कर्तृ (गृध्राः श्येनाः—इति विशेषण/समुच्चय)
TypeNoun (agentive) / Adjective
Rootपतत्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक; पतत्र ‘wing/feather’ + इन्)
Attribution
Rishi: To be verified from Śaunaka Anukramaṇī for 11.10
Devata: Carrion birds as agents; imprecatory force
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; confirm by metrical analysis)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"bibhatsa","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From tactical classification to a culminating image of devouring birds.","listener_experience":"A grim sense of finality; victory framed as total and irreversible.","intensity":8}