Adhyaya 5

Sutra 1

नियुक्तः कर्मसु व्ययविशुद्धमुदयं दर्शयेत् ॥ कZ_०५.५.०१ ॥

An officer placed in charge of works shall present revenue (results) that is demonstrably free from improper or unaccounted expenditure.

Sutra 2

आभ्यन्तरं बाह्यं गुह्यं प्रकाश्यमात्ययिकमुपेक्षितव्यं वा कार्यं इदमेवमिति विशेषयेच्च ॥ कZ_०५.५.०२ ॥

He should also specify state business as internal or external, secret or public, urgent or to be deferred—stating clearly: ‘this is to be handled in this manner.’

Sutra 3

मृगयाद्यूतमद्यस्त्रीषु प्रसक्तं नैनमनुवर्तेत प्रशंसाभिः ॥ कZ_०५.५.०३ ॥

If he is addicted to hunting, gambling, liquor, or women, one should not follow or encourage him with flattery.

Sutra 4

आसन्नश्चास्य व्यसनोपघाते प्रयतेत परोपजापातिसंधानोपधिभ्यश्च रक्षेत् ॥ कZ_०५.५.०४ ॥

Being close to him, he should strive to avert calamities arising from vices and protect him from enemy instigation, entrapment, and covert tests/plots.

Sutra 5

इङ्गिताकारौ चास्य लक्षयेत् ॥ कZ_०५.५.०५ ॥

He should observe his gestures and outward expressions.

Sutra 6

कामद्वेषहर्षदैन्यव्यवसायभयद्वन्द्वविपर्यासमिङ्गिताकाराभ्यां हि मन्त्रसंवरणार्थमाचरति प्राज्ञः ॥ कZ_०५.५.०६ ॥

For desire, hatred, joy, dejection, resolve, fear, inner conflict, and confusion reveal themselves through gestures and expressions; therefore the wise discipline themselves to keep counsel concealed.

Sutra 7

दर्शने प्रसीदति वाक्यं प्रतिगृह्णाति आसनं ददाति विविक्तो दर्शयते शङ्कास्थाने नातिशङ्कते कथायां रमते परिज्ञाप्येष्ववेक्षते पथ्यमुक्तं सहते स्मयमानो नियुङ्क्ते हस्तेन स्पृशति श्लाघ्ये नोपहसति परोक्षं गुणं ब्रवीति भक्ष्येषु स्मरति सह विहारं याति व्यसनेऽभ्युपपद्यते तद्भक्तीन्पूजयति गुह्यमाचष्टे मानं वर्धयति अर्थं करोति अनर्थं प्रतिहन्ति इति तुष्टज्ञानम् ॥ कZ_०५.५.०७ ॥

Signs that he is pleased are these: he greets one warmly on meeting; accepts one’s words; offers a seat; grants private audience; does not become overly suspicious in doubtful situations; enjoys conversation; pays attention to matters that should be understood; tolerates beneficial advice; smilingly assigns duties; touches with the hand (a mark of favor); does not mock what is praiseworthy; speaks of one’s merits even in one’s absence; remembers one in offerings/food; goes out together for recreation; stands by one in adversity; honors one’s dependents; shares confidential matters; increases one’s honor; advances one’s interests and prevents harm—this is how satisfaction is recognized.

Sutra 8

एतदेव विपरीतमतुष्टस्य भूयश्च वक्ष्यामः ॥ कZ_०५.५.०८ ॥

The very opposite indicates dissatisfaction; we shall also state it further.

Sutra 9

संदर्शने कोपः वाक्यस्याश्रवणप्रतिषेधौ आसनचक्षुषोरदानम् वर्णस्वरभेदः एकाक्षिभ्रुकुट्योष्ठनिर्भोगः स्वेदश्वासस्मितानामस्थानोत्पत्तिः परमन्त्रणमकस्माद्व्रजनम् वर्धनमन्यस्य भूमिगात्रविलेखनमन्यस्योपतोदनम् विद्यावर्णदेशकुत्सा समदोषनिन्दा प्रतिदोषनिन्दा प्रतिलोमस्तवः सुकृतानवेक्षणम् दुष्कृतानुकीर्तनम् पृष्ठावधानमतित्यागः मिथ्याभिभाषणम् राजदर्शिनां च तद्वृत्तान्यत्वम् ॥ कZ_०५.५.०९ ॥

Signs of displeasure are: anger at meeting; refusing to hear or accept one’s words; not offering a seat or even a look; changes in complexion and tone; a single-eye stare, frowning, lip-curling; sweating, altered breathing, inappropriate smiling; consulting others; leaving abruptly; promoting someone else; scratching the ground or one’s limbs; pricking/taunting another; ridiculing one’s learning, lineage, or country; blaming one for common faults or for each specific fault; praising in a perverse/contrary manner; ignoring good deeds; recounting misdeeds; turning one’s back or abandoning one; speaking falsely; and a change in the conduct of those who have access to the king.

Sutra 10

वृत्तिविकारं चावेक्षेताप्यमानुषाणाम् ॥ कZ_०५.५.१० ॥

He should also watch for changes in conduct among those under pressure (especially attendants and subordinates).

Sutra 11

अयमुच्चैः सिञ्चति इति कात्यायनः प्रवव्राज क्रौञ्चोऽपसव्यमिति कणिङ्को भारद्वाजः तृणमिति दीर्घश्चारायणः शीता शाटी इति घोटमुखः हस्ती प्रत्यौक्षीत् इति किञ्जल्कः रथाश्वं प्राशंसीत् इति पिशुनः प्रतिरवणे शुनः पिशुनपुत्रः ॥ कZ_०५.५.११ ॥

Kātyāyana renounced (left) saying, “He sprinkles from on high.” Krauñca (left) saying, “It is inauspicious/left-handed.” Kaṇiṅka Bhāradvāja (left) saying, “(It is) mere grass.” Dīrgha Cārāyaṇa (left) saying, “Cold—thin cloth.” Ghoṭamukha (left) saying, “An elephant has been sprinkled back (as an omen).” Kiñjalka (left) saying, “A chariot-horse is being praised.” Piśuna—Śuna, son of Piśuna—(left) at a counter-cry/hostile clamour.

Sutra 12

अर्थमानावक्षेपे च परित्यागः ॥ कZ_०५.५.१२ ॥

When wealth and honour are cast down (i.e., one’s means and dignity are deliberately undermined), abandonment (of service) is justified.

Sutra 13

स्वामिशीलमात्मनश्च किल्बिषमुपलभ्य वा प्रतिकुर्वीत ॥ कZ_०५.५.१३ ॥

Having discerned the ruler’s temperament—or having recognized one’s own wrongdoing—he should take counter-measures (i.e., corrective, appeasing, or protective action).

Sutra 14

मित्रमुपकृष्टं वास्य गच्छेत् ॥ कZ_०५.५.१४ ॥

He should go to a suitably placed ally (friend) of his.

Sutra 15

ततो भर्तरि जीवे वा मृते वा पुनराव्रजेत् ॥ कZ_०५.५.१५च्द् ॥

Thereafter—whether the master is alive or dead—he should return again (i.e., re-enter service or re-establish position as conditions permit).