Sutra 13

Devanagari script

अप्रिया अपि दक्षाः स्युस्तद्भावाद् ये बहिष्कृताः ॥ कZ_०५.४.१३च्द् ॥

Transliteration

apriyā api dakṣāḥ syus tadbhāvād ye bahiṣkṛtāḥ

Translation

Even those who are disliked may be competent; and those who are excluded may act from that very condition (of exclusion).

Word by Word

• अप्रियाः: unpleasant / not dear (to the king)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय
• Form: प्रि-पूर्वक 'प्रिय' (adj.) with negation prefix अ-; प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गे (contextually qualifying 'दक्षाः')

• अपि: even / although
• Type: Particle
• Root: अपि
• Form: निपात; concessive/emphatic usage

• दक्षाः: capable, competent
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दक्ष
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्

• स्युः: should be / may be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थे/विधिलिङर्थे), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; √अस्

• तद्भावात्: because of that state/condition (i.e., being disliked)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाव
• Form: तद् + भाव; पञ्चमी-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (भाव-शब्दः); हेतौ/कारणे (ablative of cause)

• ये: those who
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: यद्-प्रातिपदिक; प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; सम्बन्धे (relative pronoun)

• बहिष्कृताः: excluded, kept out, dismissed
• Type: Participle
• Root: बहिष्कृ
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त); √बहिष्कृ (बहिः + √कृ); प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगे 'excluded'

Entities Mentioned

• excluded persons (bahiṣkṛta)

More Details

FAQs

What is the warning about 'excluded' people in governance settings?

Exclusion can generate grievance and opportunism; administrators should anticipate reactive behavior and manage reintegration or monitoring.

How does this verse argue against favoritism?

It separates competence from personal liking, urging evaluation by capability rather than courtly preference.