Sutra 13
Devanagari script
उपरुद्धपरिक्षिप्तयोरुपरुद्धमन्यतो निष्क्रम्योपरोद्धारं प्रतियुध्येत न परिक्षिप्तं सर्वतः प्रतिरुद्धम् ॥ कZ_०८.५.१३ ॥
Transliteration
uparuddhaparikṣiptayor uparuddham anyato niṣkramyoparoddhāraṃ pratiyudhyeta na parikṣiptaṃ sarvataḥ pratiruddham
Translation
Between one who is blockaded and one who is completely encircled, one should counter-fight the blockader by sallying out from another side; one should not attempt this against a force that is completely encircled and blocked on all sides.
Word by Word
उपरुद्धblocked; besieged
उपरुद्ध:
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Root√रुध् (रुणद्धि)
Formकृदन्त; भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुं/नपुं? प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (सन्दर्भानुसार विशेषणरूपेण)
परिक्षिप्तयोःof the (two): the besieged and the encircled
परिक्षिप्तयोः:
TypeParticiple used as noun/adjective
Rootpari-√क्षिप् (क्षिपति)
Formकृदन्त; भूतकर्मणि (क्त); षष्ठी/सप्तमी? द्विवचन—‘of the two (cases): besieged and encircled’ (द्वन्द्व-समाहारार्थे द्वयोः)
उपरुद्धम्the besieged (one)
उपरुद्धम्:
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Root√रुध् (रुणद्धि)
Formकृदन्त; क्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन (कर्मरूपेण)
अन्यतःfrom another side; elsewhere
अन्यतः:
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootअन्य
Formअव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘from elsewhere/another side’
निष्क्रम्यhaving gone out; after sallying out
निष्क्रम्य:
TypeGerund (absolutive)
Rootnis-√क्रम् (क्रमते)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय; ‘having gone out/after sallying out’
उपरोद्धारम्the besieger; the blockader
उपरोद्धारम्:
TypeAgent noun
Rootupa-√रुध् (रुणद्धि)
Formतृच्-प्रत्ययान्त (उपरोद्धृ); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘the besieger/blockader’
प्रतियुध्येतshould fight back; should engage in combat
प्रतियुध्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootprati-√युध् (युध्यते)
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्); आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; ‘should fight/engage’
नnot
न:
TypeParticle
Rootन
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय
परिक्षिप्तम्the encircled (one)
परिक्षिप्तम्:
TypeParticiple used as noun/adjective
Rootpari-√क्षिप् (क्षिपति)
Formकृदन्त; क्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘the encircled (one)’
सर्वतःon all sides; from every direction
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootसर्व
Formअव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘from all sides’
प्रतिरुद्धम्blocked in opposition; hemmed in
प्रतिरुद्धम्:
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootprati-√रुध् (रुणद्धि)
Formकृदन्त; क्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘blocked/hemmed in’
Entities Mentioned
K
kingB
besiegerD
defenderFAQs
Counteraction is advised only when there is an unblocked axis for maneuver; total encirclement removes that option.